發(fā)布時間：2018-03-30 20:01

  本文選題：膜下滴灌　切入點：灌溉定額　出處：《排灌機械工程學報》2017年09期

【摘要】：通過田間試驗,研究了膜下滴灌條件下,不同灌溉定額對春玉米生育期土壤水鹽空間分布特征的影響.結果表明土壤含水量的時空分布受灌溉水量的影響.在灌溉期,0~20 cm土層土壤水分含量明顯增加.隨灌水定額的增加,土壤脫鹽深度呈增大的趨勢,其中,0~20 cm土層土壤脫鹽現(xiàn)象明顯,40~100 cm土層土壤積鹽現(xiàn)象明顯.在春玉米生育后期,灌水定額對滴灌帶間的土壤淋洗作用較前期明顯.在非灌溉期,由于較強烈的蒸發(fā)蒸騰作用,土壤含水量持續(xù)降低,作物的主要根系吸水層0~60 cm土層土壤水分含量階段性變化明顯.土壤鹽分隨土壤水分向上運移,在0~40 cm土層發(fā)生積鹽現(xiàn)象,40~100 cm土層發(fā)生脫鹽現(xiàn)象,畦灌方式在0~100 cm土層內均發(fā)生脫鹽現(xiàn)象.膜下滴灌條件下,春玉米在拔節(jié)期前0~100 cm土層土壤含水率和含鹽率變異系數(shù)分別屬于中等變異和弱變異強度,之后兩者均屬于中等變異強度,且土壤含鹽率變異強度始終低于土壤含水率.
[Abstract]:Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of drip irrigation under film. The effects of different irrigation quota on the spatial distribution of soil water and salt in spring maize growing period were studied. The results showed that the temporal and spatial distribution of soil water content was affected by irrigation water quantity. The increase in irrigation quota, The desalination depth of the soil increased, and the desalination of the soil layer was obvious in the soil layer of 40 ~ 100 cm. In the late stage of spring maize growth, the irrigation quota had a more obvious effect on the soil leaching in the drip irrigation zone than in the early stage, and in the non-irrigated period, the effect of irrigation quota on the soil desalination was obvious in the late stage of spring maize growth. Because of the strong evaporation and transpiration, the soil water content decreased continuously, and the soil moisture content of the main root absorbent layer of the crop changed obviously at 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer, and the soil salt moved up with the soil water content. Desalination occurred in 40 ~ 100 cm soil layer, and desalination occurred in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer. Under drip irrigation under film, desalination occurred in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer. The coefficient of variation of soil moisture content and salt content of spring maize in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer before jointing stage was medium variation and weak variation intensity respectively, and the variation intensity of soil salt content was always lower than that of soil moisture content.
【作者單位】： 甘肅省石羊河流域管理局;武威市水利技術綜合服務中心;
【基金】：甘肅省水利科研推廣項目(20140154) 水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(201501017)
【分類號】：S156.4;S275.6

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