本文選題：濕地邊緣帶　切入點：土壤鹽分　出處：《新疆師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：艾比湖地區(qū)是新疆重要的生態(tài)濕地,該地區(qū)豐富的物種資源以及獨特的地理位置,形成當(dāng)?shù)貙氋F的自然資源財富。但是由于長期以來人為干擾嚴(yán)重,艾比湖湖水面積正在嚴(yán)重萎縮,一系列的生態(tài)問題使其成為倍受關(guān)注的生態(tài)脆弱區(qū)域,對該地區(qū)持續(xù)的生態(tài)監(jiān)測及生態(tài)恢復(fù)成為必不可少的工作。土壤作為一個重要的生態(tài)要素,其物理及化學(xué)性質(zhì)對于反映某一區(qū)域一定時間尺度內(nèi)的生態(tài)變化有指示的意義。干旱區(qū)高度鹽漬化的土地,土壤鹽分特征變化是衡量土壤質(zhì)量一個重要的指標(biāo)。本文以艾比湖濕地邊緣帶為研究區(qū),分析了景觀格局分布特征,重點研究了不同景觀類型下土壤表層鹽分,并且分區(qū)域?qū)ρ芯繀^(qū)空間分布狀況進(jìn)行對比。得出以下幾個結(jié)論。1、鹽堿地景觀是研究區(qū)內(nèi)最有優(yōu)勢的景觀類型,但是由于其本身不是植被覆蓋類的景觀類型,所以鹽堿地景觀的優(yōu)勢發(fā)展并沒有給研究區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來益處,反而是研究區(qū)生態(tài)功能下降的表現(xiàn)。2、研究區(qū)最主要的陰離子是Cl-,最主要的陽離子是Na+/K+,鹽漬化的類型為氯化物型,大部分區(qū)域是鹽土。該地區(qū)土壤鹽漬化嚴(yán)重,對土壤的質(zhì)地產(chǎn)生了較大的影響。3、對研究區(qū)鹽分含量的高低主要影響因素有三個。分別是:1)景觀類型,研究表明不同景觀類型鹽分含量的狀況是:鹽堿地景觀濕地景觀森林景觀裸地景觀草地景觀農(nóng)田景觀。2)分布位置,經(jīng)過對比發(fā)現(xiàn)艾比湖的東部區(qū)域鹽分含量高于南部區(qū)域高于北部區(qū)域。3)與艾比湖水體距離,通過樣點的趨勢分析發(fā)現(xiàn),距艾比湖水體的距離越近土壤鹽分含量越高,反之則越小,這說明與艾比湖湖區(qū)的距離也是土壤鹽分含量高低的一個重要原因。
[Abstract]:The Ebinur Lake region is an important ecological wetland in Xinjiang. The rich species resources and unique geographical location in this region form the valuable natural resources wealth of the region. However, due to the serious man-made disturbance for a long time, The water area of Ebinur Lake is shrinking seriously, and a series of ecological problems make it a fragile ecological region of great concern. Continuous ecological monitoring and ecological restoration in the region are essential. Soil as an important ecological factor, Its physical and chemical properties are indicative of ecological changes in a given region on a certain time scale. Highly salinized land in arid areas, The variation of soil salinity is an important index to measure soil quality. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of landscape pattern are analyzed in the Ebinur Lake Wetland marginal zone, with emphasis on the soil surface salinity under different landscape types. The following conclusions are drawn: saline-alkali landscape is the most advantageous landscape type in the study area, but it is not the landscape type of vegetation cover. Therefore, the dominant development of saline-alkali landscape does not benefit the ecological environment of the study area, but instead shows the decline of ecological function in the study area. The main anions in the study area are Cl-and the most important cationic is Na / K. The type of salinization is chloride type, and most of the area is saline soil. The salinization of soil in this area is serious and has a great influence on soil texture. There are three main factors affecting the salt content in the study area. The results show that the salt content of different landscape types is: saline and alkali landscape wetland landscape forest landscape bare land landscape grassland landscape farmland landscape. It was found that the salt content in the eastern region of Ebinur Lake was higher than that in the northern region of Ebinur Lake, and the distance between Ebinur Lake and Ebinur Lake water body was higher than that in the southern region. On the contrary, the smaller the soil salt content is, the more the distance between the lake area and the Ebinur Lake area is.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S153

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本文編號：1686054