本文選題：農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)　切入點(diǎn)：意愿價(jià)值法　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)對(duì)人類的生存和發(fā)展具有不可替代的作用,為人類提供各種農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的同時(shí),提供著大量的生態(tài)服務(wù)。量化農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值,有助于我們深入了解農(nóng)田生態(tài)服務(wù),提高保護(hù)農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)良性運(yùn)作的意識(shí),指導(dǎo)農(nóng)戶進(jìn)行合理的農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)和管理。本文以遷西縣農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,以生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)理論、農(nóng)地價(jià)值理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、意愿價(jià)值理論和灰色系統(tǒng)理論為理論基礎(chǔ),采用價(jià)值評(píng)估方法,借助統(tǒng)計(jì)和實(shí)地調(diào)研等輔助手段,綜合估算遷西縣農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)使用價(jià)值和非使用價(jià)值;從機(jī)制運(yùn)作、生產(chǎn)投入、生產(chǎn)管理和實(shí)施保障四個(gè)方面,對(duì)遷西縣農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)良性運(yùn)作模式進(jìn)行討論,針對(duì)研究區(qū)實(shí)際情況,提出相應(yīng)措施。農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)服務(wù)、固碳制氧服務(wù)、涵養(yǎng)水源服務(wù)和保持土壤肥力服務(wù)是遷西縣農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的主導(dǎo)服務(wù)。2013年遷西縣農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)總使用價(jià)值約為29.48×108元,單位面積服務(wù)價(jià)值為42839.02元/hm2。作物在保障糧食安全和農(nóng)民基本生活方面作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn),而干果的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值占總的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)值的60.61%。養(yǎng)分流失及溫室氣體排放,給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)了巨大的負(fù)價(jià)值。而遷西縣積極發(fā)展觀光旅游農(nóng)業(yè),興辦各種采摘園,為農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的景觀服務(wù)價(jià)值增加作了貢獻(xiàn),2013年單位面積非使用價(jià)值達(dá)到5800元/hm2。根據(jù)灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析并運(yùn)用主成分分析驗(yàn)證,得出耕地面積、農(nóng)業(yè)人口、農(nóng)用化肥施用量等因素對(duì)遷西縣農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值變化具有顯著影響�；谶w西縣地形、氣候、農(nóng)田土壤條件及當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐣?huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)狀,從發(fā)展觀光旅游、提高農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)景觀價(jià)值的角度出發(fā),遷西縣應(yīng)從機(jī)制運(yùn)作、生產(chǎn)投入、管理和實(shí)施保障四個(gè)層面建立農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制,調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),提高農(nóng)業(yè)科技水平,為發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)、休閑觀光農(nóng)業(yè)建立專項(xiàng)資金、健全農(nóng)田環(huán)境政策法規(guī)。
[Abstract]:Farmland ecosystem plays an irreplaceable role in the survival and development of human beings. It provides a large number of ecological services while providing all kinds of agricultural products to human beings, and quantifies the value of farmland ecosystem services. It is helpful for us to deeply understand farmland ecological services, improve the consciousness of protecting farmland ecosystem and guide farmers to carry out rational farmland production and management. This paper takes the farmland ecosystem of Qianxi County as the research object. On the basis of ecosystem service theory, farmland value theory, sustainable development theory, willing value theory and grey system theory, the method of value evaluation is adopted, and auxiliary means such as statistics and field investigation are used. This paper comprehensively estimates the use value and non-use value of farmland ecosystem service in Qianxi County, discusses the benign operation mode of farmland ecosystem in Qianxi County from four aspects: mechanism operation, production input, production management and implementation guarantee. In view of the actual situation in the research area, the corresponding measures are put forward. The agricultural products production service, the carbon sequestration oxygen production service, Water conservation service and soil fertility service are the dominant services of farmland ecosystem in Qianxi County. In 2013, the total use value of farmland ecosystem service in Qianxi County was 29.48 脳 108 yuan. The service value per unit area is 42839.02 yuan / hm2.The crops have made great contributions to ensuring food security and farmers' basic livelihood, while the economic value of dried fruits accounts for 60.61of the total value of agricultural products. Nutrients are lost and greenhouse gas emissions are emitted. Qianxi County actively developed tourism agriculture and set up various picking gardens. It contributed to the increase of landscape service value of farmland ecosystem. In 2013, the non-use value of unit area reached 5800 yuan / hm ~ 2.According to grey relation analysis and principal component analysis, the cultivated land area and agricultural population were obtained. Based on the topography, climate, farmland soil conditions and the local social and economic situation, the factors affecting the value of agricultural ecosystem services in Qianxi County are significant. From the point of view of improving the landscape value of farmland ecosystem, Qianxi County should set up the agro-ecological compensation mechanism, adjust the industrial structure and raise the level of agricultural science and technology from four aspects: mechanism operation, production input, management and implementation guarantee. For the development of ecological agriculture, leisure and tourism agriculture to establish special funds, improve agricultural environmental policies and regulations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S181

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