發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-28 09:39

  本文選題：茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂　切入點(diǎn)：交配行為　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：通過解剖、飼養(yǎng)及持續(xù)記錄等方法,探討了茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂的交配行為和寄主搜索行為。關(guān)于交配行為,觀察了茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂日交配節(jié)律和交配過程,測(cè)定了雌雄蜂交配能力;關(guān)于寄主搜索行為,觀察了茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂搜尋和處理寄主的過程,用Y型嗅覺儀測(cè)定了茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂對(duì)寄主及寄主植物不同處理的嗅覺反應(yīng),研究了學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷對(duì)茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂搜索寄主的效率和行為的影響。結(jié)果表明:1.在連續(xù)觀察的24h內(nèi),每個(gè)時(shí)間段都有茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂交配行為和雄蜂興奮行為,且交配行為主要發(fā)生在白天。交配具有明顯的節(jié)律性。交配高峰出現(xiàn)在上午09:00—11:00,下午13:00—14:00出現(xiàn)1個(gè)小高峰,20:00—06:00為相對(duì)平靜期。2.雌雄蜂交配時(shí)具有明顯的選擇性。羽化的成蜂當(dāng)日即可交配,雌雄蜂1日齡交配率分別為43.3%和73.3%;3日齡雄蜂不再交配且開始死亡,雌蜂2日齡開始死亡,4日齡后不再交配。單頭雌蜂最高交配次數(shù)為4,雄蜂為6,雌雄蜂平均交配次數(shù)分別為0.83和1.77,雌雄蜂平均壽命分別為2.30d和3.23d。表明雄蜂總體交配能力要高于雌蜂。3.交配過程分為3個(gè)階段,分別為交配前行為、交配行為和交配后行為,群體交配時(shí)極易出現(xiàn)爭奪交配的現(xiàn)象。4.茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂處理寄主比搜索寄主需要更多的時(shí)間,絕大多數(shù)的雌蜂(85.5%)在10min內(nèi)找到寄主幼蟲,半數(shù)以上的雌蜂在10min內(nèi)將寄主處理完畢,極少數(shù)雌蜂搜索或處理寄主時(shí)間較長,超過20min。5.茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂對(duì)金紋細(xì)蛾為害葉、機(jī)械損傷葉、金紋細(xì)蛾幼蟲都表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的趨性,對(duì)健康蘋果葉片的趨向程度不如前三者,在金紋細(xì)蛾為害葉和健康葉之間,茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂顯著地趨向于金紋細(xì)蛾為害葉。蟲糞和為害去蟲葉不能顯著誘導(dǎo)茶細(xì)蛾雕絨繭蜂。6.讓測(cè)試蜂預(yù)先接觸金紋細(xì)蛾為害葉,獲得經(jīng)歷,可大大減少第一次搜索寄主花費(fèi)的時(shí)間,可以顯著提高對(duì)金紋細(xì)蛾的搜索效率。有學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷的雌蜂,第一次搜索到寄主位置的時(shí)間為93.2s,無學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷(對(duì)照組)的雌蜂被第一次搜索到寄主位置的時(shí)間為301.8s。
[Abstract]:The mating behavior and host search behavior were studied by dissection, feeding and continuous recording. The mating rhythm and mating process were observed. The mating ability of female and male wasps was determined, and the process of searching and processing hosts was observed, and the olfactory responses to different treatments of host and host plants were measured by Y-type olfactometer. The effects of learning experience on the efficiency and behavior of searching for hosts were studied. The results showed that the mating behavior and the male excitatory behavior were observed in every time period for 24 hours after continuous observation. Mating behavior mainly occurs during the day. Mating has obvious rhythmicity. The mating peak appears at 09: 00-11: 00 in the morning and a small peak at 13: 00-14: 00 in the afternoon. The relative calm period is 20: 00-06: 00. Females and males have obvious selectivity in mating. Adult bees can mate on the same day, The mating rates of female and male wasps at 1 day old were 43.3% and 73.3%, respectively. The maximum mating frequency of female wasp was 4, 6 of male and female were 0.83 and 1.77, respectively. The average life span of female and male wasp were 2.30 days and 3.23 days, respectively. The ability of mating was higher than that of female wasps. The mating process was divided into three stages. They are premating behavior, mating behavior and post-mating behavior respectively. Population mating is easy to appear the phenomenon of competing for mating. 4. It takes more time to deal with the host than to search for the host. Most female wasps (85.5) found host larvae in 10min, more than half of female wasps treated their hosts in 10min, a few females searched or processed the host for a long time, more than 20 min. 5. The damaged leaves and larva of the moth showed a strong tendency, and the tendency to the leaves of the healthy apple was not as good as that of the first three, between the damaged leaves and the healthy leaves of the moths. The insect feces and the pest leaves could not significantly induce the parasitoid wasp. 6. The test bee was exposed to the golden moths to damage the leaves in advance, and the experience was obtained, and the results were as follows: (1) the results of the experiment were as follows: (1) the test wasps had a significant tendency to damage the leaves of the chrysophora japonicus. Can greatly reduce the time spent on the first search for the host, can significantly improve the search efficiency of the moths. The time of first searching to host position was 93.2 s, and that of female wasp without learning experience (control group) was 301.8 s.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S476.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 符文俊,杜家偉;昆蟲利它素[J];昆蟲知識(shí);1981年03期

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本文編號(hào)：1675770