本文選題：長江中游地區(qū)　切入點：耕地評價　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：長江中游地區(qū),區(qū)位優(yōu)勢明顯,資源豐富,工農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)比較雄厚,而且是中國水稻糧食的主產(chǎn)區(qū)。研究區(qū)域按照農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)技中心界定的長江中游水稻主產(chǎn)區(qū),包括江西、湖北、湖南等三省的耕地作為評價對象。以縣域耕地地力評價的數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),添加專項調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),建立了有體系的區(qū)域耕地資源數(shù)據(jù)庫。通過分析評價區(qū)域耕地地力水平與主要作物生產(chǎn)能力、專家研討和打分,建立了該區(qū)域耕地評價指標體系和評價指標的分級標準。研究采用GIS技術(shù),對長江中游三省的土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖和土壤圖進行疊加制作評價單元,對評價指標體系中的各項指標進行了插值和區(qū)域統(tǒng)計,通過屬性連接建立了長江中游三省耕地地力評價空間數(shù)據(jù)庫。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對長江中游水稻主產(chǎn)區(qū)的耕地地力進行了評價和評價結(jié)果的產(chǎn)量驗證。研究還對驗證后的結(jié)果進行了空間分布分析。所得主要成果如下:(1)三省4萬多條采樣點數(shù)據(jù)審核,對匯總數(shù)據(jù)的審核包括采樣點的數(shù)目和空間分布,最終確定湖北、湖南、江西三省采樣點數(shù)41943個。(2)建立了長江中游三省耕地地力評價指標體系,總共包括12個評價指標。(3)對三省的土壤圖和利用現(xiàn)狀圖進行拼接、校核、重建拓撲,將土壤圖和利用現(xiàn)狀圖進行疊加制作了評價單元。按照區(qū)域面積、圖幅大小和土壤分類屬性,擬定了最小評價單元為100萬平方米,在Arc Map中將小于該面積多邊形進融合,最終確定長江三省的評價單元個數(shù)為84599個。確定成果圖的出圖比例尺為1:100萬(4)使用模糊數(shù)學的方法,建立隸屬函數(shù)模型,在省級耕地資源管理信息系統(tǒng)中利用累加模型計算出長江中游三省耕地地力指數(shù)為0.64~0.96,將其劃分為六個等級。長江中游三個省的耕地總面積為10383330.84hm2,其中一等地981942.8451 hm2,占三省總耕地面積的9.46%;二級地4142537.012 hm2,占三省總耕地面積的39.90%;三級地3701931.474 hm2,占三省總耕地面積的35.65%;四級地1294136.609 hm2,占三省總耕地面積的12.46%;五級地252516.3688 hm2,占三省總耕地面積的2.43%;六級地10266.53164 hm2,占三省總耕地面積的0.10%。(5)對評價的結(jié)果進行了水稻產(chǎn)量的驗證,等級的高低對應(yīng)著水稻產(chǎn)量的高低。對長江中游水稻主產(chǎn)區(qū)的有機質(zhì)情況進行了分析,得出了湖北、湖南、江西三省耕地有機質(zhì)的含量;對每個等級的地力進行了主要屬性的分析和空間分布的分析。對長江中游三省耕地質(zhì)量的建設(shè)和改良提出了建議。
[Abstract]:In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, there are obvious geographical advantages, abundant resources, relatively strong industrial and agricultural foundations, and are the main rice and grain producing areas in China. The research areas are mainly rice production areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River defined by the Agricultural Technology Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, including Jiangxi and Hubei. The cultivated land of Hunan and other three provinces is regarded as the object of evaluation. Based on the data of land fertility evaluation in county area, the special investigation data are added. A systematic database of regional cultivated land resources has been established. Through the analysis and evaluation of the level of regional cultivated land fertility and the production capacity of major crops, experts have discussed and scored. The evaluation index system of cultivated land in this region and the grading standard of evaluation index were established. The land use status map and soil map of the three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were superimposed to make the evaluation unit by using GIS technology. The indexes in the evaluation index system are interpolated and regional statistics are carried out, and the spatial database of cultivated land fertility evaluation in three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is established by means of attribute connection. The cultivated land fertility in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was evaluated and the yield of the evaluation results was verified. The spatial distribution of the results was also analyzed. The main results were as follows: 1) the data of more than 40,000 sampling sites in three provinces were examined and verified. The examination of the aggregate data includes the number and spatial distribution of the sampling points, and finally determines the sampling points of Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, 41943.Y2) and establishes the evaluation index system of cultivated land fertility in the three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. A total of 12 evaluation indexes are included.) the soil maps and utilization maps of the three provinces are jointed, checked, topologically rebuilt, and the soil maps and the utilization status maps are superimposed to make evaluation units. According to the area of the region, The map size and soil classification attribute, the minimum evaluation unit is 1 million square meters, and the polygon smaller than this area is fused in Arc Map. Finally, it is determined that the number of evaluation units in the three provinces of the Yangtze River is 84599. The scale of drawing of the result map is determined to be 1: 1 million. The membership function model is established by using the method of fuzzy mathematics. In the provincial cultivated land resource management information system, the cultivated land fertility index of the three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was calculated by the accumulative model and divided into six grades. The total area of cultivated land in the three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is 10383330.84hm2, of which the first class is 981942.8451 hm2. The total cultivated land area of the three provinces is 9.46; the second grade land is 4142537.012 hm2, accounting for 39.90th of the total cultivated land area of the three provinces; the third grade land is 3701931.474 hm2, which accounts for 35.65% of the total cultivated land area of the three provinces; the fourth grade land is 1294136.609 hm2, accounting for 12.46% of the total cultivated land area of the three provinces; the fifth grade land is 252516.3688 hm2, accounting for 2.43th of the total cultivated land area of the three provinces; The evaluation results were verified by 10266.53164 hm2, which accounted for 0.10% of the total cultivated land area in the three provinces. The level of grade corresponds to the yield of rice. The organic matter content of cultivated land in Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces was obtained by analyzing the organic matter in the main rice producing areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The main attributes and spatial distribution of soil fertility of each grade are analyzed, and suggestions for the construction and improvement of cultivated land quality in three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S511;S127

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