本文選題：加州新小綏螨　切入點(diǎn)：甜果螨　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：加州新小綏螨Neoseiulus(Amblyseius)californicus具有較高的生物防治潛力,能夠防治多種害蟲害螨。目前,大量繁殖加州新小綏螨的方法依賴于自然獵物葉螨及葉螨的寄主植物。近期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)加州新小綏螨可用替代獵物甜果螨Carpoglyphus lactis進(jìn)行飼養(yǎng)。然而,加州新小綏螨取食甜果螨與取食葉螨相比存在發(fā)育歷期延長、產(chǎn)卵量下降等問題。一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)獵物外源營養(yǎng)可能通過獵物傳遞給天敵,從而影響天敵的發(fā)育繁殖,因此可通過改善獵物營養(yǎng)水平來提高天敵的生物學(xué)性狀。本文采用7種蛋白含量不同的市售酵母粉飼養(yǎng)甜果螨作為加州新小綏螨的替代獵物,研究食物-替代獵物-加州新小綏螨三者之間的營養(yǎng)傳遞關(guān)系,以提高加州新小綏螨的生產(chǎn)效率,結(jié)果如下:用7種蛋白含量不同的酵母粉飼養(yǎng)甜果螨,研究對甜果螨種群增長的影響。研究表明用蛋白含量為23.86%、40.29%和45.37%的酵母粉飼養(yǎng)甜果螨,甜果螨種群增長較快,分別在第28.00天、21.00天和23.60天達(dá)到最大值,最大增長倍數(shù)分別為117.05倍、167.48倍和115.42倍。用蛋白含量為25.90%、32.40%的酵母粉飼養(yǎng)甜果螨,甜果螨種群數(shù)小,最大增長倍數(shù)不足10.00倍。用蛋白含量為1.46%、1.72%的酵母粉飼養(yǎng)甜果螨,甜果螨種群數(shù)下降。通過分析甜果螨種群的最大增長倍數(shù)、上升期日均增長率和上升期長度與酵母粉中氨基酸含量的相關(guān)性發(fā)現(xiàn),甜果螨的發(fā)育繁殖可能受到天門冬氨酸、蘇氨酸、絲氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、纈氨酸、異亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、組氨酸、賴氨酸、精氨酸、胱氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸的影響。選擇能夠使甜果螨快速增長的三種酵母粉(蛋白含量為23.86%、40.29%和45.37%),研究酵母粉中營養(yǎng)通過甜果螨對加州新小綏螨的影響。用以上三種酵母粉飼養(yǎng)甜果螨測的其體內(nèi)可溶性蛋白含量分別為67.00、60.53、78.25mg/g。以此三種營養(yǎng)水平不同的甜果螨大量繁殖加州新小綏螨,加州新小綏螨種群分別在第21.00天、21.00天和28.00天達(dá)到穩(wěn)定值,最大增長倍數(shù)分別為4.65倍、5.79倍和12.40倍。用蛋白含量為23.86%、45.37%的酵母粉飼養(yǎng)替代獵物甜果螨,再飼養(yǎng)單頭加州新小綏螨研究其生命表參數(shù),并與前期試驗(yàn)中以蛋白含量為40.29%的酵母粉飼養(yǎng)替代獵物甜果螨所得的加州新小綏螨生命表數(shù)據(jù)(蔣洪麗,2013)相比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)以蛋白含量為23.86%、45.37%的酵母粉作為替代獵物甜果螨的食物時(shí),加州新小綏螨的內(nèi)稟增長率(0.15,0.14)高于以蛋白含量為40.29%的酵母粉作為替代獵物食物時(shí)加州新小綏螨的內(nèi)稟增長率(0.08)。此外,以蛋白含量為45.37%的酵母粉作為替代獵物食物時(shí),加州新小綏螨的凈增值率最高(10.61)。本研究結(jié)果顯示,以蛋白含量為45.37%的酵母粉作為替代獵物甜果螨的食物,最有利于加州新小綏螨的規(guī)模化生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:Neoseiulus(Amblyseius)californicus, Calif., has a high biocontrol potential and is able to control a variety of pests and mites. The method of breeding Neoseia Calif relies heavily on natural prey Tetranychus and the host plants of Tetranychus. Recent studies have found that Neoseia Calif can be bred instead of Carpoglyphus lactis, its prey. However, Some studies have found that exogenous nutrition of prey may be transmitted to natural enemies through prey, thus affecting the development and reproduction of natural enemies. Therefore, the biological characters of natural enemies can be improved by improving the nutritional level of prey. In order to improve the production efficiency, the nutritional transfer relationship among food substitute prey and new Suiyidae California was studied. The results were as follows: the yeast powder with different protein content was used to raise sweet fruit mites. The results showed that yeast powder containing 23.860.29% and 45.37% protein increased rapidly, and reached its maximum value at 28.00 days, 21.00 days and 23.60 days, respectively. The maximum growth times were 117.05 times, 167.48 times and 115.42 times, respectively. The yeast powder containing 25.90% protein and 32.40% protein were used to feed the sweet fruit mites. The population of the sweet fruit mites was small, and the maximum growth multiple was less than 10.00 times. The yeast powder containing 1.46% protein was used to feed the sweet fruit mites, and the protein content of the yeast powder was 1.72%. By analyzing the maximum growth times of the population, the daily average growth rate and the length of the rising period and the amino acid content in yeast powder, it was found that the development and reproduction of sweet fruit mites might be caused by aspartic acid. Threonine, serine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine, cystine, leucine, The effect of proline. Three kinds of yeast powder (protein content are 23.86% 40.29% and 45.37%) were selected to study the effect of the nutrition of yeast powder on Suiseipidae California. The above three kinds of yeast powder were used to feed sweet fruit. The soluble protein content measured by mites was 67.00 ~ 60.53% ~ 78.25 mg / g, respectively. The population reached a stable value on day 21.00 and day 28.00, respectively. The maximum growth times were 4.65 times, 5.79 times and 12.40 times, respectively. The life table parameters of single head of Neoseioseia Calif. Were studied and compared with the life table data (Jiang Hongli 2013), which were obtained by feeding yeast powder containing 40.29% protein instead of sweet fruit mite (Jiang Hongliang 2013). It was found that yeast powder with a protein content of 23.86% and a yeast powder of 45.37% were used as food substitute for sweet fruit mites. The intrinsic growth rate of the mites was 0.150.14) higher than that of the yeast powder containing 40.29% protein as a substitute for prey. In addition, when the protein content was 45.37% yeast powder was used as a substitute for prey food, the intrinsic growth rate was 0.08%. The results showed that the yeast powder with protein content of 45.37% was the most favorable for the large-scale production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S476.2

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