林窗邊緣效應(yīng)對馬尾松和香樟凋落葉分解的影響
本文選題:林窗 切入點(diǎn):邊緣效應(yīng) 出處:《應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào)》2017年03期
【摘要】:為了解馬尾松(Pinus massoniana)人工林不同面積林窗邊緣凋落葉分解的養(yǎng)分釋放規(guī)律,采用凋落袋分解實(shí)驗(yàn),以長江上游低山丘陵區(qū)人為采伐形成的馬尾松人工林7種不同大小林窗(G1:100 m~2;G2:225 m~2;G3:400 m~2;G4:625 m~2;G5:900 m~2;G6:1 225 m~2;G7:1 600 m~2)為研究對象,以林下為對照,探討馬尾松和香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)凋落葉的質(zhì)量損失率和養(yǎng)分釋放率.結(jié)果表明:除鉀釋放率外,林窗邊緣兩種凋落葉的質(zhì)量損失率和養(yǎng)分釋放率均顯著高于林下.在1.5年分解過程中,兩種凋落葉的質(zhì)量損失率和碳釋放率呈持續(xù)上升趨勢.分解前90 d,兩種凋落葉的質(zhì)量損失速率和養(yǎng)分釋放速率最快;分解90-360 d后,部分林窗出現(xiàn)氮和磷的富集現(xiàn)象;180-270 d和1.5年后,部分林窗出現(xiàn)鉀的富集現(xiàn)象.隨林窗面積增大,除鉀釋放率外,兩種凋落葉在中型林窗邊緣(400、600和900 m~2)具有較高的質(zhì)量損失率和養(yǎng)分釋放率.在凋落葉分解過程中,質(zhì)量損失率和碳、氮釋放率與土壤含水率均呈顯著正相關(guān).中型林窗(400-900 m~2)對凋落物的分解具有更顯著的邊緣效應(yīng),而這種邊緣效應(yīng)與物種有一定關(guān)聯(lián).因此,在馬尾松低效林改造過程中,可利用中型林窗(400-900 m~2)邊緣這一顯著作用,引入鄉(xiāng)土闊葉樹種加速馬尾松人工林的物質(zhì)循環(huán),維持林分地力.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the nutrient release rule of leaf decomposition in different areas of Pinus massoniana plantation, the litter bag decomposition experiment was carried out. In this study, 7 species of Pinus massoniana plantations of Pinus massoniana (Pinus massoniana) were felled by artificial felling in the lower hilly region of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The mass loss rate and nutrient release rate of leaves of Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora were studied. The results showed that, except for potassium release rate, the mass loss rate and nutrient release rate of the two litter leaves at the edge of the forest were significantly higher than those under the forest. The mass loss rate and carbon release rate of the two kinds of littered leaves showed a rising trend. 90 days before decomposition, the mass loss rate and nutrient release rate of the two kinds of littered leaves were the fastest, 90 to 360 days after decomposition. After 180-270 days and 1.5 years, the accumulation of potassium in some gaps was observed. With the increase of gap area, the rate of potassium release was increased. The two kinds of litter leaves had high mass loss rate and nutrient release rate at the edge of the middle forest canopy (400600 and 900mm2), and the mass loss rate and carbon loss rate during leaf decomposition. There was a significant positive correlation between nitrogen release rate and soil moisture content, and a more significant edge effect on litter decomposition was observed in medium forest canopy (400-900m ~ 2), which was related to species. Therefore, in the process of inefficiency forest transformation of Pinus massoniana, there was a significant marginal effect on litter decomposition in Pinus massoniana (Pinus massoniana). The significant effect of 400-900mm2) edge can be used to introduce native broad-leaved trees to accelerate the material cycle of Pinus massoniana plantation and to maintain the soil strength.
【作者單位】: 四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院生態(tài)林業(yè)研究所生態(tài)林業(yè)工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室長江上游生態(tài)安全協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】:國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31370628) 國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2011BAC09B05) 四川省科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(12ZC0017) 四川省科技廳應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)項(xiàng)目(2012JY0047) 四川省教育廳科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(11TD006)資助~~
【分類號】:S714
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