本文選題：長(zhǎng)期施肥　切入點(diǎn)：地下水位　出處：《生態(tài)與農(nóng)村環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào)》2017年06期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：土壤微生物群落是評(píng)估土壤質(zhì)量、衡量土壤肥力和指示土壤環(huán)境變化的重要指標(biāo)。施肥和地下水位均會(huì)引起土壤養(yǎng)分和微環(huán)境發(fā)生變化,但地下水位對(duì)土壤微生物群落影響的研究尚鮮有報(bào)道,特別是施肥和地下水位管理雙因素協(xié)同作用對(duì)土壤微生物群落的影響還不清楚。采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)指紋圖譜法研究長(zhǎng)期施肥和不同地下水位條件下紅壤水稻土微生物群落。結(jié)果表明,不同地下水位管理顯著影響土壤pH值、E_(h,p)(排水狀態(tài)下的氧化還原電位)和NO_3~--N含量,不同施肥模式顯著改變土壤Eh,y(淹水狀態(tài)下的氧化還原電位)、E_(h,p)、有機(jī)碳含量、全氮含量和速效鉀含量。不同地下水位顯著影響土壤總PLFA、細(xì)菌PLFA、G+PLFA含量及G+PLFA/GPLFA比值,如高地下水位土壤G+PLFA/G-PLFA比值(0.40~0.51)明顯低于低地下水位土壤(0.40~1.94);不同施肥模式顯著影響G-PLFA含量和G+PLFA/G-PLFA比值,如施有機(jī)肥土壤G+PLFA/G-PLFA比值(0.40~1.94)明顯高于施化肥土壤(0.40~0.46)。逐步回歸分析顯示放線菌PLFA含量顯著受土壤pH值及全氮含量的影響,G+、厭氧菌、好氧菌PLFA含量顯著受土壤pH值的影響,真菌PLFA/細(xì)菌PLFA比值顯著受土壤Eh,y的影響,G+PLFA/G-PLFA比值顯著受NO3--N含量和全鉀含量的影響。主成分分析顯示環(huán)境因子影響了長(zhǎng)期施肥和不同地下水位條件下紅壤水稻土微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu),全鉀含量、pH值和Eh,y是導(dǎo)致LNOM處理與其他處理間微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)不同的主要環(huán)境因子,而NO3--N含量、全氮含量、全磷含量是導(dǎo)致LHOM處理與HNOM、HHOM、LCF、HCF處理間微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)不同的主要環(huán)境因子�？梢�(jiàn),長(zhǎng)期施肥和地下水位管理顯著影響紅壤水稻土理化性質(zhì)及微生物群落。
[Abstract]:Soil microbial communities are important indicators for evaluating soil quality, measuring soil fertility and indicating changes in soil environment. Both fertilization and groundwater level can cause changes in soil nutrients and microenvironments. However, there are few reports on the effect of groundwater level on soil microbial community. Especially, the synergistic effect of fertilization and groundwater level management on soil microbial community is not clear. Study on microflora of paddy soil in red soil by using PLFA-PLFA-fingerprint method under long-term fertilization and different groundwater level conditions. Biota. The results show that. Different groundwater level management significantly affected soil pH value (redox potential under drainage state) and NO_3~--N content, and different fertilization patterns significantly changed soil Ehnyr (redox potential under flooded condition), organic carbon content. Total nitrogen content and available potassium content. Different groundwater levels significantly affected soil total PLFAA, bacterial PLFAG PLFA content and GPLFA / GPLFA ratio. For example, the G PLFA/G-PLFA ratio of high groundwater level soil was significantly lower than that of low groundwater level soil, and different fertilization patterns significantly affected G-PLFA content and G PLFA/G-PLFA ratio. For example, G PLFA/G-PLFA ratio of soil applying organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizer soil. Stepwise regression analysis showed that PLFA content of actinomycetes was significantly affected by soil pH value and total nitrogen content. PLFA content of anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria was significantly affected by soil pH value. The PLFA ratio of fungal PLFA/ bacteria was significantly affected by the content of NO3--N and total potassium. Principal component analysis showed that environmental factors affected the microbial community structure of paddy soil in red soil under long-term fertilization and different groundwater levels. Total potassium content, pH value and Ehlany were the main environmental factors leading to the difference of microbial community structure between LNOM treatment and other treatments, while NO3--N content and total nitrogen content, Total phosphorus content was the main environmental factor leading to the difference of microbial community structure between LHOM treatment and HNOMN HHOMM-LCFHCF treatment. It can be seen that long-term fertilization and groundwater level management significantly affected the physical and chemical properties and microbial community of paddy soil in red soil.
【作者單位】： 江蘇省物質(zhì)循環(huán)與污染控制重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室/南京師范大學(xué)地理科學(xué)學(xué)院;南京科技職業(yè)學(xué)院;南京師范大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院;湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(41401293,41271255) 江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金(BK20141051)
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3

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