本文選題：養(yǎng)分　切入點(diǎn)：豬場(chǎng)廢棄物　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了給畜禽糞便在農(nóng)田的合理施用以及養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)廢棄物污染控制提供科學(xué)依據(jù),結(jié)合已有研究成果,探討了規(guī)�；B(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)廢棄物在出舍、堆積、高溫堆肥、厭氧發(fā)酵和沼液貯存5個(gè)處理單元的氮素?fù)p失。得到的農(nóng)業(yè)循環(huán)體系提供動(dòng)物排泄物從收集到回田整個(gè)循環(huán)過(guò)程中養(yǎng)分的利用及損失情況,為整個(gè)體系提供準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)和參數(shù)。本論文主要內(nèi)容研究如下:①統(tǒng)計(jì)基地養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)養(yǎng)殖數(shù)量及糞尿產(chǎn)量。統(tǒng)計(jì)8個(gè)月基地所產(chǎn)生的鮮豬糞的總量,所用于的項(xiàng)目和每個(gè)項(xiàng)目所用量。②對(duì)豬場(chǎng)N素排泄量計(jì)算,并且對(duì)比飼料入口養(yǎng)分總量與排泄養(yǎng)分對(duì)比。③從干清糞條件下糞便回收率三個(gè)方面來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)糞便收集過(guò)程中N損失。④從堆放過(guò)程中的溫度變化、堆放過(guò)程中氨的揮發(fā)速率及氨損失、銨態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮三個(gè)方面來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)糞便堆放過(guò)程中的N損失。⑤從堆肥溫度變化、水分含量變化、全氮及C/N比變化三個(gè)方面來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)糞便堆肥過(guò)程中的N損失。結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)綜合分析得到:在清掃出舍單元,畜禽糞便中的氮約有20%～35%的損失。臨時(shí)堆積單元,畜禽糞便中的氮損失率變幅較大(0.1%～60%),直接影響了后續(xù)各環(huán)節(jié)的氮素利用率。資源利用處理時(shí),氮損失降幅約為36%而且厭氧發(fā)酵比高溫好氧堆肥更有利于畜禽糞便中氮素的保留。在沼液貯存單元,全氮及銨態(tài)氮含量降低顯著是的進(jìn)入農(nóng)田的氮量降低了 16%～59%。最后在出去了各單元損失的氮,畜禽糞便中約有6%～80%的氮可以還田利用。結(jié)論:為了實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,我們必須建立健全環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)及預(yù)警機(jī)制,并且在此基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展生態(tài)型畜牧養(yǎng)殖業(yè)。
[Abstract]:In order to provide scientific basis for the rational application of livestock and poultry manure in farmland and the pollution control of livestock farm waste, combined with the existing research results, the waste of large-scale pig farm was compost in the shed, pile up, and high temperature compost. The nitrogen loss of 5 treatment units of anaerobic fermentation and biogas liquid storage. The obtained agricultural recycling system provides the utilization and loss of nutrients during the whole process of collecting animal excreta and returning to the field. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The total amount of fresh pig manure produced by the base for 8 months was counted. For the projects used and for the amount of .2 per project used to calculate the amount of N excretion from pig farms, The total nutrient intake and excretion nutrients were compared. 3 the temperature change of N loss .4 in the process of fecal collection was evaluated from three aspects: the recovery rate of feces under the condition of dry and clean feces, and the change of temperature in the process of stacking. The ammonia volatilization rate and ammonia loss during composting process, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the process of composting were evaluated from three aspects: compost temperature, moisture content, nitrogen loss and nitrogen loss. The total nitrogen and C / N ratio changes were used to evaluate the N loss in the compost process. Combined with the data analysis, it was concluded that the nitrogen loss in the excrement of livestock and poultry was about 20% and 35% in the cleaning out unit. The rate of nitrogen loss in livestock and poultry feces varies by 0.1% to 60%, which has a direct impact on the nitrogen utilization ratio of the following links. The loss of nitrogen was reduced by about 36% and anaerobic fermentation was more beneficial to the retention of nitrogen in animal manure than aerobic composting at high temperature. The decrease of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content is that the amount of nitrogen entering the farmland is reduced by 16%. Finally, after the loss of nitrogen in every unit is out, about 60% of the nitrogen in the manure of livestock and poultry can be returned to the field for use. Conclusion: in order to achieve sustainable development, We must establish and improve the environmental risk assessment and early warning mechanism and develop ecological animal husbandry on this basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X713

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