本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水飛薊 薄荷 鹽脅迫 蚯蚓糞 NaCl　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：鹽堿地是廣泛存在于世界各地的一種鹽類累積的土壤類型,土壤內(nèi)所含有的鹽分會(huì)影響植物的正常生長。從我國的東部沿海到內(nèi)陸地區(qū)都有鹽堿地的分布,但是只有少量的鹽堿地被開墾利用。我國東部沿海地區(qū)人口稠密,人均耕地面積卻很少,如果能夠?qū)⒀睾┩窟M(jìn)行一定的開發(fā)利用就可以充分利用土地資源。選育和培育耐鹽作物是改造鹽堿地的一種有效的手段。水飛薊和薄荷都是海岸帶耐鹽經(jīng)濟(jì)植物,具有一定的耐鹽性。水飛薊是藥用作物,薄荷既是一種藥用作物又是一種芳香類作物。本實(shí)驗(yàn)通過鹽脅迫以及在鹽脅迫條件下添加蚯蚓糞來研究水飛薊和薄荷的生長狀況,從而為水飛薊和薄荷的耐鹽性和蚯蚓糞對(duì)鹽堿地的改良情況做出一定的評(píng)估。研究結(jié)果如下:1.通過對(duì)水飛薊和薄荷生物量的測(cè)定發(fā)現(xiàn)5%、15%蚯蚓糞含量下最有利于水飛薊和薄荷的生長。5%蚯蚓糞處理下水飛薊的地上部和地下部生物量分別比對(duì)照增加了240.08%、128.84%;15%蚯蚓糞處理下水飛薊的地上部和地下部生物量分別比對(duì)照增加了 439.98%、235.29%。5%蚯蚓糞處理下薄荷的地上部和地下部生物量分別比對(duì)照增加了 269.47%、72.7%;15%蚯蚓糞處理下薄荷的地上部和地下部生物量分別比對(duì)照增加了 469.39、341.09%。2.鹽脅迫下,水飛薊和薄荷的生物量及含水量減少,4‰NaCl條件下不利于生物量的累積。添加蚯蚓糞后水飛薊和薄荷的生物量有所增加。在1‰NaCl脅迫下,施入5%、15%蚯蚓糞后水飛薊和薄荷的地上部重量分別提高了 62.16%、85.82%和39.29%、41.18%;在4‰NaCl脅迫下,施入5%、15%蚯蚓糞后水飛薊和薄荷的地上部重量分別提高了 39.45%、40.25%和 57.22%、59.35。3.鹽脅迫下,水飛薊和薄荷體內(nèi)的活性氧清除系統(tǒng)受到損害,添加蚯蚓糞在一定程度上可以緩解抗氧化酶的活性。鹽脅迫下,蚯蚓糞可以提高水飛薊體內(nèi)SOD和CAT活性,在1‰NaCl脅迫下施入蚯蚓糞會(huì)降低POD活性,在4‰NaCl脅迫下施入蚯蚓糞可以提高POD活性。蚯蚓糞處理可以提高薄荷體內(nèi)SOD和POD活性,提高薄荷葉片中CAT活性,降低薄荷根中CAT活性。4.低鹽脅迫下,水飛薊和薄荷體內(nèi)的滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)積累,高鹽脅迫下滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)的累積受到抑制,添加蚯蚓糞可以提高鹽脅迫條件下水飛薊和薄荷體內(nèi)可溶性蛋白含量,但是會(huì)降低脯氨酸的含量。
[Abstract]:Saline-alkali land is a soil type of salt accumulation that widely exists all over the world. The salt contained in the soil affects the normal growth of plants. From the eastern coast of China to inland areas, saline-alkali soils are distributed. However, only a small amount of saline-alkali land has been reclaimed and utilized. In the eastern coastal areas of China, the population is dense, but the per capita cultivated area is very small. If the coastal beach can be exploited and utilized to a certain extent, the land resources can be fully utilized. Breeding and breeding salt-tolerant crops is an effective means to transform saline-alkali land. Silythistle and mint are both salt-tolerant economic plants in the coastal zone. Silythistle is a medicinal crop, menthol is both a medicinal crop and an aromatic crop. In this study, the growth of silythistle and menthol was studied by salt stress and earthworm dung under salt stress. The results are as follows: 1. Through the measurement of the biomass of silythistle and mint, it is found that 5o 15% earthworm dung is the most favorable water for the improvement of saline and alkaline soil. The results are as follows: 1. Through the measurement of the biomass of silythistle and mint, it is found that 5% earthworm dung is the most favorable for water. The aboveground and underground biomass of silythistle treated with 5% earthworm dung increased 240.08% 128.84% and 15% earthworm manure, respectively, and the aboveground and underground biomass of silythistle increased 439.98% 235.29%. 5% higher than that of control, respectively, when treated with earthworm dung, the aboveground and underground biomass of silythistle was increased by 439.98% and 235.29%, respectively. The aboveground and underground biomass of menthol under fecal treatment increased by 269.477.72.7% and 72.7% respectively as compared with the control. The biomass of aboveground and underground parts of menthol increased by 469.39% and 341.09.2. under salt stress, the biomass of the above ground part and the underground part of mint treated with earthworm manure treatment increased by 469.39% and 341.09%, respectively. The biomass and water content of silythistle and mint decreased by 4 鈥，

本文編號(hào)：1530873