本文關(guān)鍵詞： 播種方式 小麥 全鹽含量 生理特性 產(chǎn)量　出處：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：為明確適合鹽堿地小麥的播種方式,試驗(yàn)以青麥6號(hào)為材料,以平播為對(duì)照(CK),研究不同溝播處理[溝播2行(T1)、溝播3行(T2)]對(duì)鹽堿地小麥生育時(shí)期間不同土壤層全鹽動(dòng)態(tài)、葉片生理特性及產(chǎn)量的影響。結(jié)果表明,各處理麥田0~20cm土層的全鹽含量均大于20~40cm土層,不同處理的土壤全鹽含量均呈現(xiàn)先增長(zhǎng)后降低的趨勢(shì),越冬期過(guò)后不同處理的土壤全鹽含量隨著小麥生育期的推進(jìn)呈現(xiàn)上升的趨勢(shì),且不同土層的全鹽含量均在小麥返青期達(dá)到最大值,溝播處理溝內(nèi)土壤的全鹽含量顯著低于CK與壟上的土壤全鹽含量,尤其是在返青期之后。溝播處理顯著降低了小麥旗葉的MDA含量,表明了在鹽堿地中溝播小麥的膜系統(tǒng)受損傷程度較低,此外還顯著提高了旗葉的SOD和POD活性、游離脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白含量,較優(yōu)的滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)提高了植物耐脅迫能力,有利于小麥灌漿的進(jìn)行,促進(jìn)小麥產(chǎn)量的提高。處理間穗數(shù)差異顯著,穗粒數(shù)與千粒重差異則不顯著,處理間產(chǎn)量差異達(dá)到了顯著水平,溝播3行處理的產(chǎn)量顯著大于其他處理,表明了溝播小麥產(chǎn)量的提升主要是通過(guò)影響小麥穗數(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因此,溝內(nèi)3行種植可作為鹽堿地小麥的合理的播種方式。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the sowing mode of wheat suitable for saline-alkali land, the experiment was conducted with Qingmai No. 6 as the material and flat sowing as the control. The treatment of different furrow sowing was studied. [The effects of furrow sowing (2 rows T1, trench sowing 3 rows T2) on the total salt dynamics, leaf physiological characteristics and yield of different soil layers during the growth of wheat in saline and alkaline soil were studied. The total salt content in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer of wheat field was higher than that of 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer, and the total salt content of different treatments increased first and then decreased. The total salt content of different treatments increased with the development of wheat growth period after wintering, and the total salt content of different soil layers reached the maximum value in wheat green stage. The soil total salt content of furrow sowing treatment was significantly lower than CK and ridge soil total salt content, especially after the green stage. Ditch sowing treatment significantly reduced the MDA content of wheat flag leaf. The results showed that the damage degree of the membrane system of wheat seeded in salt and alkali soil was low, and the activities of SOD and POD, the content of free proline and soluble protein in flag leaf were increased significantly. The superior osmotic regulator improved plant stress tolerance, which was beneficial to wheat grain filling and wheat yield. There was significant difference in panicle number among treatments, but there was no significant difference between panicle number and 1000-grain weight. The difference of yield between treatments reached a significant level, and the yield of furrow sowing was significantly higher than that of other treatments, which indicated that the increase of wheat yield under furrow sowing was mainly achieved by affecting the number of spikes of wheat. Three rows of planting in the ditch can be used as a reasonable sowing method for wheat in saline-alkali soil.
【作者單位】： 青島農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)山東省旱作農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：青島農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)高層人才科研基金項(xiàng)目(6631116031)
【分類號(hào)】：S156.4;S512.1
【正文快照】： 土壤鹽漬化是限制農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的主要非生物脅迫因素之一,如何使作物在鹽堿地上穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、高產(chǎn),是我國(guó)乃至世界亟待解決的農(nóng)業(yè)問(wèn)題。中國(guó)目前有0.4億hm2以上鹽漬化土壤,占可耕地面積的25%以上[1-4]。伴隨著人口的增長(zhǎng)、工業(yè)的發(fā)展及不合理的施肥灌溉,次生鹽漬化不斷加劇,耕地面積持續(xù)

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