本文關(guān)鍵詞： 地衣芽孢桿菌 熒光假單胞菌 有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥 甲基毒死蜱 -三氯--吡啶酚 降解　出處：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：為掌握微生物降解甲基毒死蜱的特性與機(jī)制,首先從土壤中分離不同的甲基毒死蜱降解菌,然后對(duì)其降解效率、降解過程中中間產(chǎn)物3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶酚(TCP)的質(zhì)量濃度變化、對(duì)TCP與其他6種有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥的降解能力以及磷酸酯酶活性進(jìn)行了測(cè)試分析。結(jié)果表明,分離到2株能高效降解甲基毒死蜱的菌株,經(jīng)鑒定命名為地衣芽孢桿菌ZL-7與熒光假單胞菌ZHLXL-2,其降解甲基毒死蜱的5 d降解率分別為90.6%和99.4%;在菌株ZL-7降解甲基毒死蜱的過程中檢出了TCP,而在菌株ZHLXL-2的降解過程中未檢出。菌株ZHLXL-2能降解TCP,48 h降解率可達(dá)91.0%,而菌株ZL-7不能降解TCP。兩菌株都能降解6種供試的有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥,但菌株ZL-7降解率更高,其10 d降解率在92.1%~99.8%,菌株ZHLXL-2的10 d降解率為89.2%~93.4%;同時(shí)菌株ZL-7的磷酸酯酶活性顯著高于菌株ZHLXL-2。分析表明,這2種菌株的磷酸酯酶活性與其降解有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥的能力呈正相關(guān)性,而菌株ZHLXL-2因可有效降解中間物TCP,從而能更快地降解甲基毒死蜱。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the characteristics and mechanism of biodegradation of chlorpyrifos methyl, different biodegradable bacteria were isolated from soil, then the degradation efficiency and the intermediate product 3Q5 were analyzed. The degradation ability and phosphatase activity of TCP and other 6 organophosphorus pesticides were tested and analyzed by the change of mass concentration of 6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phenol. Two strains of chlorpyrifos were isolated and identified as Bacillus licheniformis ZL-7 and Pseudomonas fluorescein ZHLXL-2. The degradation rates of chlorpyrifos methyl in 5 days were 90.6% and 99.4 respectively. TCP was detected in the degradation of chlorpyrifos methyl by strain ZL-7, but not in the degradation of strain ZHLXL-2. Strain ZHLXL-2 could degrade TCP. The degradation rate reached 91.0% at 48 h, but the strain ZL-7 could not. Both strains could degrade 6 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides, but the degradation rate of strain ZL-7 was higher. The degradation rate of strain ZHLXL-2 in 10 days was 99.2% and 99.8% respectively, and the degradation rate of strain ZHLXL-2 was 99.2%. At the same time, the phosphatase activity of strain ZL-7 was significantly higher than that of strain ZHLXL-2.The analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the phosphatase activity of these two strains and their ability to degrade organophosphorus pesticides. The strain ZHLXL-2 could degrade chlorpyrifos methyl more quickly because it could effectively degrade the intermediate.
【作者單位】： 四川職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院建筑與環(huán)境工程系;
【基金】：四川省教育廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(13ZA0036)
【分類號(hào)】：X172;X592
【正文快照】： 甲基毒死蜱(O,O-二甲基-O-3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶基硫逐磷酸酯)是一種廣譜型有機(jī)磷殺蟲劑,它通過抑制乙酰膽堿酯酶的活性,干擾害蟲正常的神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo),并導(dǎo)致害蟲死亡[1]。甲基毒死蜱在世界范圍內(nèi)作為商品殺蟲劑應(yīng)用已有約40 a的歷史,1975年其被聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織和世界衛(wèi)生組織認(rèn)可,推薦

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