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  本文關鍵詞： 好氧反硝化 紫外誘變 脫氮特性 養(yǎng)殖水體 N元素　出處：《南京理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：好氧反硝化細菌被發(fā)現(xiàn)以來一直是國內(nèi)外研究的熱點,它克服了傳統(tǒng)反硝化工藝的不足,可以在好氧條件下進行反硝化作用,有著很強的應用潛力。本文利用實驗室中選育的好氧反硝化菌種,通過物理法紫外誘變提高其反硝化能力。將誘變后的菌株應用于模擬養(yǎng)殖水體的脫氮處理研究,并對模擬水體中不同形態(tài)的氮素隨時間的變化的數(shù)據(jù)做了曲線擬合,探討了不同生境條件下的水中N元素的變化。在物理法紫外誘變階段,-對實驗室前期選育的好氧反硝化菌6#菌進行紫外誘變處理,經(jīng)過初篩和復篩得到菌株H2,并對其好氧反硝化性能進行研究。結(jié)果顯示：菌株H2的反硝化能力得到改善,在相同實驗條件下,H2對硝酸根的去除能力從原始菌株的59.86%提高至68.66%,且在突變體的篩選、活化和培養(yǎng)過程中經(jīng)過多次傳代,傳代前后H2遺傳穩(wěn)定性良好。由杜氏小管實驗得出H2菌產(chǎn)生氣體量2.5 mL大于6#菌的2 mL,也可推出H2菌比原菌株6#具有更好的硝化反硝化作用。在模擬養(yǎng)殖水體的實驗階段,選用空白水體、水生植物+菌、菌以及水生植物四種模擬環(huán)境進行實驗,探究誘變菌H2對水體的凈化效果以及水生植物對水體凈化作用的影響,凈化效果為水生植物+菌菌水生植物空白水體。實驗證明,H2對氨氮、硝態(tài)氮、亞硝態(tài)氮、COD均具有一定的去除作用,尤其是對亞硝態(tài)氮去除效果顯著；H2菌對于水體凈化效果良好,水生植物對水體的凈化也有一定的影響作用；菌、水生植物均可改善水質(zhì),提高魚體的生長性能。對模擬養(yǎng)殖水體中氮素濃度與時間的變化關系進行數(shù)學分析,在本實驗條件下,數(shù)學參數(shù)與實際運行相符,所得數(shù)學方程能夠很好地反映水體氮素轉(zhuǎn)化降解規(guī)律。從方程可以明顯看出反硝化菌H2、水生植物對氮素的去除規(guī)律。研究表明,運用紫外誘變的方法有效地提高了反硝化菌的脫氮能力,提高了水體凈化效果,并且在養(yǎng)殖水體脫氮處理中效果顯著。
[Abstract]:Aerobic denitrifying bacteria have been a hot research topic at home and abroad since they were discovered. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional denitrification process and can be denitrified under aerobic conditions. This paper uses aerobic denitrification strains selected in laboratory. The denitrification ability was improved by physical ultraviolet mutagenesis. The mutated strain was applied to the denitrification treatment of simulated culture water. The variation of N element in water under different habitat conditions was studied by curve fitting of the data of different forms of nitrogen changes with time in the water, and in the phase of physical ultraviolet mutagenesis. The aerobic denitrifying bacteria 6# was treated by ultraviolet mutagenesis, and the strain H2 was obtained by screening and rescreening. The aerobic denitrification performance of strain H2 was studied. The results showed that the denitrification ability of strain H2 was improved under the same experimental conditions. The removal of nitrate by H2 increased from 59.86% to 68.66, and was subcultured many times during the selection, activation and culture of the mutants. The H _ 2 genetic stability was good before and after passage, and the gas production of H _ 2 was 2.5 mL larger than 2 mL of 6 # by the Duchenne tubule test. It can also be concluded that H2 bacteria have better nitrification and denitrification than original strain 6#. In the experiment stage of simulated culture water, the blank water body and aquatic plant bacteria were selected. Four simulated environments of bacteria and aquatic plants were carried out to explore the purification effect of mutagenic bacteria H2 on water body and the effect of aquatic plants on water purification. The purification effect was blank water body of aquatic plant bacteria. The experiment proved that H _ 2 has certain removal effect on ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen COD, especially on nitrite nitrogen removal. The purification effect of H _ 2 bacteria is good, and the purification of water body is also influenced by aquatic plants. Bacteria and aquatic plants can improve the water quality and improve the growth performance of fish. The mathematical analysis of the relationship between nitrogen concentration and time in the simulated aquaculture water body shows that the mathematical parameters are consistent with the actual operation under the experimental conditions. The mathematical equations obtained can well reflect the nitrogen conversion and degradation law of water body, and the nitrogen removal law of denitrifying bacteria H _ 2 and aquatic plants can be clearly seen from the equation. Ultraviolet mutagenesis was used to improve the denitrification ability of denitrifying bacteria and the purification effect of water body, and the effect was remarkable in the denitrification treatment of aquaculture water.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X172;X714

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