本文關鍵詞：滇池東岸農業(yè)污水高效收集技術研究　出處：《重慶大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 滇池流域 農業(yè)污水 環(huán)湖截污干渠 SWMM模型 控制模式

【摘要】：非點源是中國乃至全球大部分水體的主要污染物來源之一。在2012年滇池的入湖污染物組成中,來自非點源的總磷和總氮分別占總量的68.7%和36.8%。控源截污是滇池應對外來污染的有效手段。滇池環(huán)湖周邊已經修建好工程規(guī)模較大的環(huán)湖截污干渠,它與片區(qū)截污、河道截污、集鎮(zhèn)和村莊截污共同構建起了滇池流域從源頭控制到末端截污的控源截污主干工程系統(tǒng)框架。但是由于對雨污水在環(huán)湖截污工程收集過程中的產匯流過程和雨污水水質水量變化規(guī)律不清,環(huán)湖截污工程缺乏相應的配套設施,造成周邊的雨污水不能有效地被收集截流到環(huán)湖截污干渠,環(huán)湖截污系統(tǒng)的綜合截污效能沒有得到充分發(fā)揮。在環(huán)湖截污干渠的服務范圍內,農村區(qū)域的面積遠遠超過50%。來自農村區(qū)域的非點源污染占滇池入湖污染的比重較大。農業(yè)污水是農村區(qū)域農業(yè)非點源污染進入滇池的主要途徑,因此研究滇池周邊農業(yè)污水的高效收集,對提高滇池環(huán)湖截污干渠的截污控污效能、改善滇池水環(huán)境具有重要意義。本課題選擇滇池東岸馬料河和洛龍河之間的農村區(qū)域作為研究區(qū)域,該研究區(qū)域主要為大棚種植區(qū)域,具有完善的農灌溝渠排水系統(tǒng),但是由于缺乏有效的污水收集設施,該農灌溝渠排水系統(tǒng)直接把農業(yè)污水排入附近的河道或者滇池,對水體造成污染。為了研究農業(yè)污水的高效收集技術,課題組前期在研究區(qū)域內選擇了兩條收水范圍相對封閉的農灌溝渠作為典型溝渠,并在污水排放口進行了降雨徑流水質水量監(jiān)測。本論文即在此基礎之上對降雨徑流水質水量監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)進行了分析,得到了研究區(qū)域的農業(yè)污水的產匯流特征以及水質水量變化特征,并且根據(jù)這些特征提出應選用液位-時間組合控制模式對該區(qū)域的農業(yè)污水進行高效收集。本論文還借助構建的SWMM模型,模擬分析得到了液位-時間組合控制模式中的各控制參數(shù)合理閥值,并對設定截流控制參數(shù)條件下的污染負荷截流效率進行了分析。本論文的主要研究結論如下:1)在研究區(qū)域內,花卉大棚區(qū)域的主要降雨徑流污染物為TP、NH3-N和SS,蔬菜大棚區(qū)域的主要降雨徑流污染物為TP和SS,環(huán)湖截污干渠應該針對上述污染物進行截流。2)無論是花卉大棚區(qū)域還是蔬菜大棚區(qū)域,前期降雨徑流的主要污染物平均濃度要高于后期降雨徑流。前30%的徑流中,攜帶的TP、NH3-N和SS負荷分別為31.76%—40.21%、37.32%—44.56%、33.02%—45.45%。3)環(huán)湖截污干渠應對前期降雨徑流進行截流,選擇液位-時間組合控制模式對農業(yè)污水進行高效截流較為合理。4)現(xiàn)狀條件下,若研究區(qū)域內所有農灌溝渠末端已修建截流井,并且閘門都全打開,僅僅依靠截流管的通水能力限制截流水量,則環(huán)湖截污干渠對4年一遇(降雨量為49mm,降雨歷時為2小時)以下降雨徑流的截流比例將超過45%。5)液位-時間組合控制模式中的液位參數(shù)應該以晴天時各農灌溝渠中的實際液位來確定,截流時間應為100min-120min,此時水量的截流比例為28%-42%。6)在設計典型降雨條件下,當把截流時間設定為110min時,污染物的截流效率會隨著降雨重現(xiàn)的增大而增大。當重現(xiàn)期超過0.5年一遇,水量截流比例超過33%,SS、NH3-N、TP的截流比例將超過37.2%、39.6%、和36.7%。7)在典型降雨年,當把截流時間設定為110min時,污染物的截流效率會隨著年降雨量的增加而增大,水量的截流比例穩(wěn)定地超過了30%,污染物負荷的截流比例超過水量的截流比例。
[Abstract]:Non point source is one of the main pollution sources and water. Most of the world's Chinese in pollutants into the lake in Dianchi on 2012, total phosphorus from non-point source and total nitrogen respectively accounted for 68.7% of the total 36.8%. and pollutant source control is an effective means to deal with foreign Dianchi pollution. Dianchi lake has been built around the scale of sewage interception engineering the larger the canal, and its area sewage interception, river interception, interception of villages and towns to build the Dianchi River Basin from the source to control the sewage interception trunk end source control engineering system framework. But because of the rain sewage collected in the Lake Sewage Interception Project during the runoff process of rain and sewage water change is not clear, the lack of supporting facilities around the Lake sewage interception project, caused by rain water cannot effectively be collected around the closure to the Lake sewage interception trunk, comprehensive sewage lagoon system performance Don't get full play. In the Lake sewage interception trunk service within the rural area is far more than 50%. of non-point source pollution from rural areas accounted for a larger proportion of Dianchi lake pollution. Agricultural sewage is the main way of agricultural non point source pollution in Dianchi rural areas, efficient collection so the research around Dianchi agricultural wastewater and to improve the sewage interception trunk of the Dianchi lake pollution control effectiveness, it is important to improve the water environment of Dianchi. The rural area between the east coast of Dianchi Maliaohe River and Luolong River as the study area, the study area is mainly the greenhouse planting area, has a perfect agricultural irrigation ditch drainage system, but due to the lack of effective sewage collection facilities, the agricultural irrigation ditch drainage system directly to agricultural sewage discharged into the river or near Dianchi, cause water pollution. In order to study the agricultural wastewater with high Effect of collection technology, our research group in the study area selected two water collection range of relatively closed irrigation ditches as typical ditches, and the runoff water quality and quantity monitoring in the sewage outfall. This thesis is on the basis of the rainfall runoff water quality and quantity monitoring data analysis, agricultural wastewater the runoff characteristics of the study area and the changes of water quality and quantity characteristics were obtained, and should use level time combination control mode is efficient in the area of agricultural sewage collection is proposed according to the characteristics. The paper use the SWMM model, simulation analysis to get the liquid level time reasonable threshold parameters in the model control. And the closure of pollution control efficiency under the condition of closure of load parameters are analyzed. The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows: 1) in the study area, flower shed area The main runoff pollutants domain of TP, NH3-N and SS, the main runoff pollutants in vegetable greenhouse area for TP and SS, the interception trunk should be the closure of.2 in view of the above pollutants) whether the flowers greenhouse area or vegetable greenhouse area, pre rainfall runoff and average pollutant concentration is higher than that of the late rainfall runoff runoff. Before 30%, carrying TP, NH3-N and SS load were 31.76% - 40.21%, 37.32% - 44.56%, 33.02% - 45.45%.3) in the early response to rainfall runoff interception trunk interception, selection level time control model for efficient agricultural sewage interception on the reasonable.4) under current conditions, if in the study area all irrigation ditches have been built at the end of the intercepting well, and all the gate open, only rely on the closure tube carrying capacity limit closure is the water interception trunk for 4 years (in case of rainfall is 49 Mm, the rainfall duration is 2 hours) following the closure of rainfall runoff ratio will exceed 45%.5) level time to control the liquid level of the parameters in the model should be based on the actual level when sunny agricultural irrigation ditches to determine, the closure time is 100min-120min, the water interception ratio of 28%-42%.6) in a typical design under rainfall conditions. When the cut-off time is set to 110min, the efficiency of pollutant interception increased with rainfall return. When the return period of more than 0.5 years, the water interception ratio of more than 33%, SS, NH3-N, TP ratio of the closure of more than 37.2%, 39.6%, and 36.7%.7) in a typical rainfall year, when the closure time is set to 110min, interception efficiency of contaminants increases with rainfall, interception ratio water stability of more than 30%, the proportion of pollutant load over water interception interception ratio.

【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X524;X71

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相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 劉定;滇池東岸農業(yè)污水高效收集技術研究[D];重慶大學;2016年

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本文編號：1430048