【摘要】：受限空泡的潰滅是氣泡動(dòng)力學(xué)的核心問題,研究表明毫米尺度的空泡潰滅可以拉動(dòng)附近同尺度的懸浮顆粒運(yùn)動(dòng).本文針對(duì)受限空泡潰滅在微尺度下的行為開展研究,通過氣泡驅(qū)動(dòng)的球形微馬達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn),給出了微氣泡潰滅形成射流從而顯著推動(dòng)馬達(dá)前進(jìn)的現(xiàn)象,但由于潰滅時(shí)間很短,Micro PIV系統(tǒng)不能給出足夠的流動(dòng)細(xì)節(jié).進(jìn)而采用基于流體體積的數(shù)值手段模擬了這一過程,獲得了流場(chǎng)的時(shí)空分布,并通過積分估算了微球獲得的沖量,給出了微球所能達(dá)到的速度.結(jié)果表明這一問題與尺度密切相關(guān),微尺度下空泡潰滅足以推動(dòng)微球顯著運(yùn)動(dòng),在氣泡尺寸固定的情況下,微球半徑越小,微球與氣泡間距離越近,推動(dòng)的效果越明顯.沖量定理則定性地解釋了宏觀尺度與微尺度下存在差異的原因.這一特殊的微流動(dòng)問題不但擴(kuò)展了空化研究的尺度范圍,揭示了微尺度下空泡與顆粒作用的特性,而且對(duì)提高微馬達(dá)的驅(qū)動(dòng)效率也具有重要意義.
[Abstract]:The collapse of confined cavitation is the core problem of bubble dynamics. It is shown that the bubble collapsing in millimeter scale can pull the motion of suspended particles of the same size nearby. In this paper, the behavior of confined cavitation collapsing at microscale is studied. Through the experiment of spherical micromotor driven by bubble, the phenomenon that the micro bubble collapses to form a jet, thus propelling the motor forward significantly, is given. However, due to the short collapse time, micro PIV system can not give enough flow details. Then the numerical method based on the volume of fluid is used to simulate the process, and the space-time distribution of the flow field is obtained. The impulse obtained by the microsphere is estimated by integral, and the velocity that the microsphere can achieve is given. The results show that this problem is closely related to the scale. The bubble collapse in the microscale is enough to promote the significant movement of the microspheres. When the bubble size is fixed, the smaller the radius of the microsphere, the closer the distance between the microsphere and the bubble, and the more obvious the promotion effect is. The impulse theorem qualitatively explains the difference between macro scale and micro scale. This special micro-flow problem not only expands the scale range of cavitation research, but also reveals the characteristics of cavitation and particle interaction in micro-scale, and also plays an important role in improving the driving efficiency of micro-motor.
【作者單位】： 西安建筑科技大學(xué)環(huán)境與市政工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金應(yīng)急管理項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):11447133);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):11602187) 陜西省自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃青年人才項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):2016JQ1008) 陜西省教育廳專項(xiàng)科研計(jì)劃(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):15JK1385) 西部綠色建筑國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育基地自主科研項(xiàng)目資助的課題~~
【分類號(hào)】：O35

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