【摘要】：為強(qiáng)化褐煤浮選,提出了在浮選礦漿中引入超聲波的新型浮選方式,結(jié)果表明:超聲浮選精煤產(chǎn)率比常規(guī)浮選精煤產(chǎn)率增加了20.31%,灰分降低了7.94%,其中-0.045 mm粒級(jí)產(chǎn)率增加了近2倍。采用篩分、掃描電鏡、X射線光電子能譜、誘導(dǎo)時(shí)間測(cè)定儀等方法研究了超聲波對(duì)煤泥粒度組成和表面性質(zhì)的影響,并重點(diǎn)探討了超聲波強(qiáng)化褐煤浮選的回收機(jī)理。超聲波對(duì)煤粒表面的清洗和破碎作用使顆粒表面細(xì)泥黏附減少,但并未改變煤粒表面疏水性與親水性官能團(tuán)含量。超聲波可在浮選礦漿中產(chǎn)生大量微泡,既可吸附于褐煤表面增強(qiáng)其疏水性,又增加煤粒與氣泡的碰撞/黏附效率。超聲波產(chǎn)生的空化作用在一定程度上可使煤表面的水化膜變薄-不穩(wěn)定-易破裂,進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了褐煤的浮選回收。
[Abstract]:In order to strengthen lignite flotation, a new flotation method by introducing ultrasonic wave into flotation pulp was put forward. the results show that the yield of purified coal by ultrasonic flotation is 20.31% higher than that by conventional flotation, the ash content is reduced by 7.94%, and the grain yield of-0.045 mm is nearly tripled. The effects of ultrasonic wave on the particle size composition and surface properties of slime were studied by means of screening, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and induction time tester, and the recovery mechanism of lignite flotation strengthened by ultrasonic wave was discussed in detail. The cleaning and crushing effect of ultrasonic wave on the surface of coal particles reduces the adhesion of fine mud on the surface of coal particles, but does not change the content of hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of coal particles. Ultrasonic wave can produce a large number of microbubbles in flotation pulp, which can not only be adsorbed on the surface of lignite to enhance its hydrophobicity, but also increase the collision / adhesion efficiency between coal particles and bubbles. To a certain extent, the cavitation produced by ultrasonic wave can make the hydration film on the coal surface thin, unstable and easy to break, which further strengthens the flotation recovery of lignite.
【作者單位】： 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)化工學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51374205,51604272) 江蘇高校優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科建設(shè)工程資助項(xiàng)目(SZBF2011-6-B35)
【分類號(hào)】：TD923;TD94

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