【摘要】：隨著煤礦開采不斷向深部發(fā)展,地應(yīng)力隨之增大,工程地質(zhì)條件更加惡劣,巖體軟化現(xiàn)象愈發(fā)明顯,內(nèi)部的節(jié)理裂隙逐漸發(fā)育,力學(xué)性質(zhì)發(fā)生變化,變形模量及各種力學(xué)參數(shù)隨之降低,巖體變得軟弱而破碎,加大了巷道圍巖支護(hù)的難度。為有效維護(hù)軟弱破碎巷道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性,有必要深入研究軟弱破碎巷道圍巖的變形破壞機(jī)理,為支護(hù)提供合理化建議。 根據(jù)軟弱破碎巷道圍巖的工程地質(zhì)特征,首先從裂隙著手,通過(guò)對(duì)裂隙的野外觀測(cè),觀察控制裂隙力學(xué)性質(zhì)的主要參數(shù)。鑒于巷道圍巖中裂隙的存在,認(rèn)為裂隙巖體是蘊(yùn)含損傷的連續(xù)體,并隨裂隙的發(fā)育出現(xiàn)擴(kuò)展,產(chǎn)生附加損傷。考慮到深部巖體峰后強(qiáng)度軟化、裂隙大量發(fā)育等因素的影響,結(jié)合損傷力學(xué)和斷裂力學(xué),得到了裂隙巖體應(yīng)變軟化損傷本構(gòu)方程�；贔LACm,在VC++的開發(fā)環(huán)境中,開發(fā)出裂隙巖體應(yīng)變軟化損傷本構(gòu)模型。分別采用應(yīng)變軟化模型和裂隙巖體應(yīng)變軟化損傷模型對(duì)深埋圓形巷道進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,將兩種模型計(jì)算下的圍巖變形、塑性區(qū)分布和安全系數(shù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證模型的合理性；接著對(duì)裂隙的傾角,裂隙的長(zhǎng)度對(duì)巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究。研究表明：隨著裂隙傾角的增大,塑性區(qū)和位移量出現(xiàn)了先增大后減小的趨勢(shì),說(shuō)明存在一個(gè)最不利傾角,在該傾角下,巷道圍巖最不安全。伴隨裂隙長(zhǎng)度的增大,巷道圍巖的塑性區(qū)和變形量都明顯增大。 以淮北礦業(yè)集團(tuán)蘆嶺礦為背景,將裂隙巖體應(yīng)變軟化損傷本構(gòu)模型應(yīng)用到受上覆工作面影響下的-590大巷圍巖穩(wěn)定性的分析中。對(duì)多種支護(hù)方案進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,分析在各種支護(hù)方式下圍巖巷道的位移、應(yīng)力及塑性區(qū)的分布特點(diǎn),結(jié)果表明錨噴+錨索+錨注的支護(hù)方式可以有效得控制巷道變形破壞,能較好得維護(hù)好巷道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性。 結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬的分析研究,將上述支護(hù)方案應(yīng)用到實(shí)際的工程中。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明,巷道圍巖的變形破壞得到了有效的改善,觀測(cè)的變形量和模擬結(jié)果大體一致,證明建立的裂隙巖體應(yīng)變軟化損傷本構(gòu)模型能較好的模擬深部軟弱破碎巖體的力學(xué)特性,可以為工程實(shí)踐提供合理的指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of coal mining to the deep, the ground stress increases, the engineering geological conditions become worse, the rock mass softens more obviously, the internal joint fissures develop gradually, and the mechanical properties change. With the decrease of deformation modulus and various mechanical parameters, the rock mass becomes weak and broken, which makes it more difficult to support the surrounding rock of roadway. In order to effectively maintain the stability of the surrounding rock of the weak broken roadway, it is necessary to deeply study the deformation and failure mechanism of the surrounding rock of the weak broken roadway, and to provide reasonable suggestions for support. According to the engineering geological characteristics of the surrounding rock of weak and broken roadway, the main parameters controlling the mechanical properties of cracks are observed through the field observation of cracks. In view of the existence of cracks in the surrounding rock of roadway, it is considered that the cracked rock mass is a continuum containing damage, and the additional damage occurs with the development of cracks. Considering the influence of strength after peak and large number of cracks in deep rock mass, combined with damage mechanics and fracture mechanics, the strain softened damage constitutive equation of fracture rock mass is obtained. Based on FLACm, in the development environment of VC, the strain softened damage constitutive model of fracture rock mass is developed. Strain softened model and fracture rock mass strain softened damage model are used to simulate the deep buried circular roadway respectively. the deformation, plastic zone distribution and safety factor of surrounding rock calculated by the two models are compared and analyzed to verify the rationality of the model. Then the influence of the dip angle of the crack and the length of the crack on the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway is studied by numerical simulation. The results show that with the increase of fracture inclination angle, the plastic zone and displacement tend to increase at first and then decrease, indicating that there is one of the most unfavorable dip angles, and the surrounding rock of roadway is the least safe under this inclination angle. With the increase of fracture length, the plastic zone and deformation of roadway surrounding rock increase obviously. Based on Luling Mine of Huaibei Mining Group, the strain softened damage constitutive model of fissured rock mass is applied to the analysis of surrounding rock stability of-590 roadway under the influence of overlying working face. The numerical simulation of various supporting schemes is carried out, and the distribution characteristics of displacement, stress and plastic zone of surrounding rock roadway under various supporting modes are analyzed. The results show that the supporting mode of anchor shotcrete anchor cable anchor grouting can effectively control the deformation and failure of roadway. It can maintain the stability of roadway surrounding rock. Combined with the analysis and research of numerical simulation, the above support scheme is applied to the actual project. The field observation data show that the deformation and failure of roadway surrounding rock has been effectively improved, and the observed deformation is in good agreement with the simulation results. It is proved that the strain softened damage constitutive model of fracture rock mass can simulate the mechanical properties of deep weak broken rock mass and can provide reasonable guidance for engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD353

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