【摘要】：礦井巷道利用濕式噴射混凝土(以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)濕噴混凝土)進(jìn)行支護(hù)具有降低工作面粉塵濃度、減少回彈、提高噴射質(zhì)量和支護(hù)效果等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。對(duì)改善礦井掘進(jìn)、支護(hù)工作條件,保障安全、健康生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。但是,濕噴混凝土在泵送過(guò)程中易出現(xiàn)管道堵塞問(wèn)題,甚至出現(xiàn)爆管等嚴(yán)重威脅安全生產(chǎn)的問(wèn)題。而且,濕噴混凝土作業(yè)粉塵濃度還有待進(jìn)一步降低,以保證職工健康。這些都是礦井安全生產(chǎn)工作非常重要的部分。因此,本文通過(guò)對(duì)配合比進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),進(jìn)而得到作業(yè)過(guò)程中粉塵濃度較小、職業(yè)危害較低,泵送、噴射和支護(hù)效果均較好的濕噴混凝土。運(yùn)用理論分析、試驗(yàn)研究、安全評(píng)價(jià)方法優(yōu)化和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用等多種手段,研究礦用濕噴混凝土最優(yōu)的配合比設(shè)計(jì)。詳細(xì)分析了原材料的種類(lèi)、用量對(duì)濕噴混凝土工作性、可泵性、可噴敷性、產(chǎn)塵分析和經(jīng)濟(jì)性的影響,不但得到了適用于濕噴混凝土配合比設(shè)計(jì)所需原材料種類(lèi)和用量的范圍,而且找到了對(duì)濕噴混凝土配合比設(shè)計(jì)影響較大的五種因素(用水量;水灰比;砂率;速凝劑添加量;和聚丙烯纖維長(zhǎng)度)。設(shè)計(jì)五因素四水平共16組配合比的正交實(shí)驗(yàn),在保證強(qiáng)度的基礎(chǔ)上,用坍落度表示流動(dòng)性,用壓力泌水率表示粘聚性,用我們課題小組自主研發(fā)的泵送壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)測(cè)定的壓降表示可泵性。通過(guò)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,分別得到五種因素與濕噴混凝土性能的相關(guān)性曲線(xiàn),并且從16組配合比中優(yōu)選出兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)效果較好的配合比。利用優(yōu)選出的兩組配合比重新調(diào)整得到五組新的配合比,進(jìn)一步研究濕噴混凝土的可噴敷性、產(chǎn)塵分析和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。分別進(jìn)行回彈率測(cè)定、粉塵濃度測(cè)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)性計(jì)算,從五組配合比中選出最優(yōu)的三組配合比。借助安全評(píng)價(jià)方法中的層次分析法對(duì)配合比進(jìn)行精選,以最優(yōu)配合比為總目標(biāo)、以可噴敷性、產(chǎn)塵分析和經(jīng)濟(jì)性為判斷層、以三組配合比為方案層進(jìn)行理論分析,其中根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)及實(shí)際情況我們選擇三種性能的重要度排序?yàn)?可噴敷性經(jīng)濟(jì)性產(chǎn)塵分析。通過(guò)分析比較最終精選出一組最優(yōu)的配合比。在相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)和分析的基礎(chǔ)上,于某礦井進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)效果檢測(cè),保證工藝技術(shù)條件、噴射相關(guān)特征參數(shù)以及原材料的種類(lèi)等條件一致的情況下,分別按照精選出的配合比和目前使用的配合比進(jìn)行應(yīng)用,檢驗(yàn)最優(yōu)配合比的的效果。
[Abstract]:The use of wet shotcrete (hereinafter referred to as wet shotcrete) for support in mine roadway has the advantages of reducing dust concentration in working face, reducing springback, improving spray quality and supporting effect. It is of great significance to improve mine excavation, support working conditions, ensure safety and healthy production. However, wet shotcrete in the pumping process is prone to pipeline blockage, and even pipe explosion and other serious threats to safety in production. Moreover, the dust concentration in wet shotcrete operation needs to be further reduced to ensure the health of workers. These are very important parts of mine safety work. Therefore, by optimizing the mix design, this paper obtains the wet shotcrete with low dust concentration, low occupational harm and good pumping, spraying and supporting effects in the process of operation. The optimal mix proportion design of mining wet shotcrete is studied by means of theoretical analysis, experimental research, optimization of safety evaluation method and field application. The effects of raw materials and dosage on the workability, pump ability, spraying ability, dust production analysis and economy of wet shotcrete are analyzed in detail, and the range of raw materials suitable for wet shotcrete mix proportion design is obtained. Five factors (water consumption) which have great influence on the mix proportion design of wet shotcrete are found. Ratio of water to cement; sand ratio; amount of accelerator; and length of polypropylene fiber). The orthogonal experiment of 16 groups of mix proportion with five factors and four levels was designed. On the basis of ensuring strength, slump was used to represent liquidity and pressure bleeding rate was used to indicate cohesion. The pump performance is expressed by the pressure drop measured by the pumping pressure experimental platform developed by our project group. Through orthogonal experimental analysis, the correlation curves between five factors and the performance of wet shotcrete are obtained, and the better mix proportion of the two groups is selected from 16 groups of mix proportion. Five groups of new mix ratios were obtained by adjusting the optimized mix proportion of the two groups, and the spraying property, dust production analysis and economy of wet shotcrete were further studied. The springback rate, dust concentration and economy were measured, and the optimal three groups were selected from the five groups. With the help of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in the safety evaluation method, the mix proportion is selected, the optimal mix ratio is taken as the overall goal, the spraying ability, dust production analysis and economy are taken as the fault judgment, and the three groups of mix ratios are taken as the scheme layer for theoretical analysis. According to the experience and actual situation, we choose the importance of three kinds of performance as follows: injectable economic dust production analysis. Through analysis and comparison, a group of optimal mix ratios are selected. On the basis of relevant experiments and analysis, the field effect test is carried out in a mine to ensure that the technological and technical conditions, the jet related characteristic parameters and the types of raw materials are consistent. According to the selected mix ratio and the current mix ratio, the effect of the optimal mix ratio is tested.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD353

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本文編號(hào)：2492520