【摘要】：錳礦石及其深加工產(chǎn)品已廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)各領(lǐng)域,是冶金及許多工業(yè)領(lǐng)域不可缺少的重要原料。我國(guó)錳礦石主要有碳酸錳礦石、氧化錳礦石、共生多金屬礦石、硫錳礦石和錳結(jié)核等類型。其中鐵錳礦是我國(guó)錳礦中的重要類型之一,含有大量的鐵、錳和硅等元素,同時(shí)還含有少量的銀等有價(jià)元素,可進(jìn)行綜合回收利用。首先,以鐵錳結(jié)核礦為原料,硫鐵礦做為還原劑在硫酸條件下,研究了錳的浸取工藝。通過研究錳礦與硫鐵礦用量比、硫酸體積濃度、液固比、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、攪拌速率等因素對(duì)錳浸取率的影響規(guī)律,得到硫酸浸出鐵錳結(jié)核最佳工藝條件為：錳礦與硫鐵礦用量比為7：4,硫酸體積濃度9.1%,液固比(mL/g)為5：1,反應(yīng)溫度為90℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間3h,攪拌速率為300 r/min 。最終錳的浸出率可達(dá)98.3%。浸出過程動(dòng)力學(xué)研究表明,鐵錳礦酸浸過程為液-固兩相反應(yīng)過程,酸浸過程受化學(xué)反應(yīng)過程控制,其化學(xué)活化能Ea=46.31KJ/mol,動(dòng)力學(xué)模型為：化學(xué)反應(yīng)級(jí)數(shù)為1.3549。其次,提出了錳浸出液的兩步凈化方法。第一步凈化除鐵,首先加入Mn02在80℃條件下持續(xù)攪拌反應(yīng)1 h,使錳浸取液中的Fe2+完全氧化為Fe3+,再通過加入氨水調(diào)節(jié)pH值完成對(duì)鐵的沉淀。水解沉淀鐵的最優(yōu)條件為：pH=5.5,攪拌速率500 r/min,反應(yīng)時(shí)間90min。最終鐵的去除率可達(dá)99.94%,錳的回收率也可達(dá)到95.48%。第二步凈化脫出重金屬,先通過加入適量的(NH4)2S沉淀出溶液中殘留的重金屬雜質(zhì),然后再調(diào)節(jié)pH反溶生成的硫化錳。研究表明：第二次凈化沉淀重金屬時(shí)反溶硫化錳所需的pH=1,重金屬沉淀完全所需含硫量2%的(NH4)2S為0.022L/L,此時(shí),錳的回收率可達(dá)99%。而后,將凈化后的錳浸出液用于制備碳酸錳,為保證錳的回收盡可能完全,需要首先調(diào)節(jié)溶液pH值,研究表明當(dāng)溶液pH值為9時(shí)錳回收量最高為99.23%。實(shí)驗(yàn)最終錳的回收率可達(dá)90%,制備碳酸錳產(chǎn)品中錳含量(以錳的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)記)為42.45%,達(dá)到工業(yè)碳酸錳合格級(jí)別。SEM圖分析表明,產(chǎn)品為球形顆粒,粒徑在500 nm左右,達(dá)到亞微米級(jí)別。最后,本論文以氯化鈉作為浸取劑,研究了浸取鐵錳結(jié)核酸浸反應(yīng)后余渣中的銀提取,使銀以氯銀絡(luò)合物的形式進(jìn)入溶液,研究表明,銀的浸出率可達(dá)79.36%。氯化鈉浸取銀的最佳工藝條件為：錳浸取渣40g,氯化鈉質(zhì)量濃度為25%,液固比(mL/g)為5：1,攪拌速率300 r/min,反應(yīng)溫度為80℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為180min,鹽酸加入量為15mL。
[Abstract]:Manganese ore and its deep processing products have been widely used in various fields of national economy, and are indispensable raw materials in metallurgy and many industrial fields. The main types of manganese ores in China are manganese carbonate ore, manganese oxide ore, symbiotic polymetallic ore, sulfur manganese ore and manganese tuberculosis. Iron-manganese ore is one of the important types of manganese ore in China, which contains a large number of iron, manganese, silicon and other elements, as well as a small amount of silver and other valuable elements, which can be used for comprehensive recovery and utilization. Firstly, using iron-manganese tuberculosis as raw material and pyrite as reductant, the leaching process of manganese was studied under the condition of sulfuric acid. The effects of manganese ore / pyrite dosage ratio, sulfuric acid volume concentration, liquid-solid ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring rate on manganese leaching rate were studied. The optimum conditions for leaching iron and manganese nodules with sulfuric acid are as follows: the ratio of manganese ore to pyrite is 7 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2481781