【摘要】：鉛鋅礦產(chǎn)資源是我國十分重要的戰(zhàn)略性礦產(chǎn)資源之一，廣泛用于電氣、機械、冶金、化學(xué)、醫(yī)藥以及軍事等領(lǐng)域。由于經(jīng)濟持續(xù)高速增長，，對于鉛鋅原料的需求量也日益提高。但是，隨著鉛鋅資源的日益開采，鉛鋅礦產(chǎn)資源漸漸向“貧、細、雜、難”的方向發(fā)展，每年因為這類問題使得鉛鋅難以選別而造成的損失更是相當(dāng)驚人。如果能將這類礦物回收利用，則可以節(jié)約資源、增加效益、減少污染。 以廣東省凡口鉛鋅礦礦泥為研究對象，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：礦泥中主要金屬礦物為方鉛礦、閃鋅礦以及黃鐵礦，脈石礦物以石英、方解石和絹云母為主，其次是白云石和綠泥石。該礦泥粒度很細，d95約為38μm，d50約為10μm，鉛鋅分布在-10μm的部分金屬累積為46.38%，-5μm的含量為43%，金屬累積為38.60%。礦泥鉛鋅品位較低，鉛、鋅品位均在3.2%左右，選別難度較大。 針對該難選礦泥，為了有效地回收目的礦物，在工藝礦物學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，進行了多組條件試驗，確定了一系列最佳浮選條件。在此前提下，又進行了鉛鋅分離的試驗研究，另外，又先后進行了開路試驗、閉路試驗以及最終的工業(yè)試驗。 最終試驗結(jié)果表明，鉛、鋅礦物在該粒度條件下浮選性能十分相似，相應(yīng)的抑制劑或活化劑均無明顯效果，想要實現(xiàn)從礦泥中分離鉛鋅，獲得單一的鉛精礦和鋅精礦極為困難。從經(jīng)濟以及該廠的實際情況考慮，采用鉛鋅混合浮選流程生產(chǎn)鉛鋅混合精礦是目前該廠較為合理的選擇。該流程成本低，選別難度較小，品位及回收率相對較高。 在最優(yōu)條件下，一次粗選試驗可獲得Pb+Zn品位約24%，回收率約69%的鉛鋅混合精礦。工業(yè)上采用一粗二掃三精浮選流程，最終可得到Pb+Zn品位為44.17%，回收率為70.38%的鉛鋅混合精礦。
[Abstract]:Lead and zinc mineral resources are one of the most important strategic mineral resources in China, which are widely used in electrical, mechanical, metallurgical, chemical, pharmaceutical and military fields. Due to the sustained and rapid economic growth, the demand for lead and zinc raw materials is also increasing day by day. However, with the increasing exploitation of lead and zinc resources, lead and zinc mineral resources gradually develop in the direction of "poor, thin, miscellaneous and difficult". Every year, the loss caused by this kind of problems makes it difficult to distinguish lead and zinc. If this kind of mineral can be recycled, it can save resources, increase efficiency and reduce pollution. Taking the slime of Fankou lead-Zinc Mine in Guangdong Province as the research object, it is found that the main metal minerals in the slime are galena, sphalerite and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz, calcite and sericite, followed by dolomite and chlorite. The particle size of the slime is very fine, D95 is about 38 渭 m, d _ (50) is about 10 渭 m, the accumulation of lead and zinc in-10 渭 m is 46.38%, the content of-5 渭 m is 43%, and the metal accumulation is 38.60%. The grade of lead and zinc in slime is low, the grade of lead and zinc is about 3.2%, so it is difficult to separate. In order to recover the target minerals effectively, several groups of conditional tests were carried out on the basis of process Mineralogy, and a series of optimum flotation conditions were determined. On this premise, the experimental study on the separation of lead and zinc was carried out, in addition, the open circuit test, the closed circuit test and the final industrial test were carried out one after another. The final test results show that the flotation performance of lead and zinc minerals is very similar under this particle size condition, and the corresponding inhibitors or activators have no obvious effect. It is very difficult to obtain single lead concentrate and zinc concentrate in order to separate lead and zinc from slime. Considering the economy and the actual situation of the plant, the production of lead-zinc mixed concentrate by lead-zinc mixed flotation process is a reasonable choice at present. The cost of the process is low, the difficulty of separation is small, and the grade and recovery rate are relatively high. Under the optimum conditions, the lead-zinc mixed concentrate with Pb Zn grade of about 24% and recovery of about 69% can be obtained by a rough separation test. The lead-zinc mixed concentrate with Pb Zn grade of 44.17% and recovery of 70.38% can be obtained by using a coarse, two-sweep and three-fine flotation process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD952

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