發(fā)布時間：2019-05-08 04:01

【摘要】：漂塘鎢礦的礦體埋藏淺、巖體破碎、斷層多、且存在不同程度的民采及盜采現(xiàn)象、空區(qū)分布復雜,對于這種復雜淺埋礦山,不能有效的對地壓活動進行監(jiān)控管理,可能導致巖石破裂失穩(wěn)災害問題的發(fā)生(巖爆、冒頂、片幫等)。而微震監(jiān)測技術作為一種可實時監(jiān)控礦區(qū)范圍內(nèi)微破裂事件的技術,從三維空間角度實時監(jiān)控和追蹤礦巖在巖體應力作用下的巖石微裂紋的產(chǎn)生和擴展的趨向。本文以漂塘鎢礦南非IMS地壓微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)為依托,通過分析漂塘礦區(qū)微震監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),研究地壓活動特征、巖體失穩(wěn)微震活動性參數(shù)前兆變化特征及微震監(jiān)測地壓災害評價模型。主要研究內(nèi)容及結果如下:1、通過對漂塘礦區(qū)地質條件、空區(qū)分布情況、地壓活動現(xiàn)狀及開采現(xiàn)狀等的調(diào)查,同時通過對漂塘鎢礦328m至556m這五個中段地壓活動現(xiàn)場調(diào)查,得出漂塘礦區(qū)地壓活動頻繁區(qū)域及一般表現(xiàn)形式。2、結合漂塘礦區(qū)地壓活動情況,依據(jù)微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的構建原則及微震監(jiān)測的靈敏度及微震事件的定位精度,構建了一套24個檢波器通道數(shù)的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),對漂塘鎢礦進行三維實時在線監(jiān)測。通過對微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的分析得出漂塘礦區(qū)地壓活動聚集特征及地應力變形特征。3、分析微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)對漂塘礦區(qū)地壓活動的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),掌握漂塘礦區(qū)的微震活動時空分布特征。同時對漂塘礦區(qū)313采場失穩(wěn)情況,通過分析微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測到的該時段313采場的微震數(shù)據(jù),得出巖體失穩(wěn)前微震活動性參數(shù)的前兆特征,包括累積視體積、對數(shù)能量指數(shù)、微震事件率、位移變化、b值前兆變化特征。同時結合應力應變曲線,分析微震活動性參數(shù)的變化特征,得出微震監(jiān)測巖體失穩(wěn)關鍵點。4、通過對微震監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的分析,找出影響巖體穩(wěn)定性的因素,提出帶突出影響因子的非線性模糊綜合評價法,詳細說明了帶突出影響因子的非線性模糊綜合評價模型在微震監(jiān)測礦區(qū)穩(wěn)定性評價中的優(yōu)越性及其運算過程,并通過對礦區(qū)微震監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)進行評價驗證,得出微震監(jiān)測地壓災害評價模型,進而得出該段時間的巖體穩(wěn)定性,與礦區(qū)現(xiàn)實情況進行比對較符合,說明構建的模型有較高的精度。
[Abstract]:The ore body of bleitang tungsten mine is shallow buried, rock mass is broken, faults are many, and there are different degrees of civil mining and stealing mining phenomenon, the distribution of goaf is complex, for this complex shallow buried mine, the monitoring and management of ground pressure activity cannot be carried out effectively. May lead to rock failure and instability disasters (rock burst, roof fall, sheet, etc.). As a real-time monitoring technique for micro-fracture events in mining area, micro-seismic monitoring technology can monitor and track the tendency of rock micro-crack formation and propagation under rock mass stress in three-dimensional space. Based on the IMS ground pressure micro-seismic monitoring system in bleitang tungsten mine, this paper studies the characteristics of ground pressure activity, the precursory variation characteristics of rock mass instability and micro-earthquake activity parameters and the evaluation model of ground pressure disaster in micro-earthquake monitoring by analyzing the monitoring data of micro-earthquakes in Baitang mining area. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. Through the investigation of the geological conditions, the distribution of the empty area, the present situation of the ground pressure activity and the present situation of mining in the Baotang mining area, and through the on-the-spot investigation of the ground pressure activity in the five middle sections of the drift-pond tungsten mine from 328m to 556m, Secondly, combined with the ground pressure activity in the Baitang mining area, according to the construction principle of the micro-earthquake monitoring system, the sensitivity of the micro-earthquake monitoring and the location accuracy of the micro-earthquake events are obtained. A set of microseismic monitoring system with 24 geophone channels is constructed to monitor Baotang tungsten mine on-line in three-dimensional real-time. Through the analysis of monitoring data of micro-seismic monitoring system, the characteristics of ground pressure activity aggregation and in-situ stress and deformation are obtained. 3, the monitoring data of micro-earthquake monitoring system for ground pressure activity in Baotang mining area is analyzed. To master the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of microseismic activity in the Baotang mining area. At the same time, according to the instability of 313 stope in Baitang mining area, by analyzing the micro-seismic data of 313 stope monitored by micro-seismic monitoring system, the precursory characteristics of micro-seismic activity parameters, including cumulative apparent volume and logarithmic energy index, are obtained before rock mass instability. The characteristics of earthquake event rate, displacement change and b-value precursor change. At the same time, combining with the stress-strain curve, the variation characteristics of micro-earthquake activity parameters are analyzed, and the key points of rock mass instability monitoring by micro-earthquake are obtained. 4. Through the analysis of micro-earthquake monitoring data, the factors affecting the stability of rock mass are found out. A nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method with outburst influence factor is put forward, and the superiority and operation process of nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model with outburst influence factor in stability evaluation of micro-earthquake monitoring mining area are explained in detail. Through the evaluation and verification of micro-seismic monitoring data in mining area, the evaluation model of ground pressure disaster under micro-earthquake monitoring is obtained, and then the stability of rock mass in this period of time is obtained, which is more consistent with the reality of mining area. It shows that the model has high precision.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD326

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