【摘要】：我國伊利石分布廣、儲量大、品質(zhì)優(yōu)良。雖然伊利石在很多方面已有成功應(yīng)用,但以伊利石為原料制備絮凝劑還未見報道。我國水資源匱乏,污水總量持續(xù)增加,污水處理刻不容緩,作為水處理關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)絮凝沉淀所用藥劑-絮凝劑的研究有待進一步加強。伊利石屬于高鋁粘土,以伊利石為原料,通過濕法沉降去雜后用于聚合氯化鋁鐵絮凝劑的制備,既可以充分發(fā)揮其高鋁特性,為伊利石利用開拓了新的思路;也為無機高分子絮凝劑的制備找尋到了新的原料。首先對伊利石原礦進行搗漿試驗,獲得最佳的搗漿條件為:搗漿速度2000rpm、搗漿時間90min,分散劑用量0.9%;然后對漿液進行自然沉降分級,共分出三個粒級即-2μm、-5μm、-10μm;再分別對這三個粒級進行化學(xué)成分、粒度、XRD分析。結(jié)果表明,所有三個粒級的石英均已被有效去除,SiO2含量降低,Al2O3含量升高分級效果良好。由于沉降后-10μm粒級的產(chǎn)率特別高在90%以上,且沉降一次只需要19min,經(jīng)過沉降后的產(chǎn)品Al2O3含量明顯增高,所以采用分級后-10μm粒級產(chǎn)品作為下一步制備聚合氯化鋁鐵絮凝劑的原料。分別采用直接煅燒和加堿(助熔)煅燒法對提純后的伊利石進行活化試驗,結(jié)果表明,助熔法有助于伊利石晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的解體和鋁的溶出,助溶效果好壞依次為:碳酸鈉氟化鈉直接煅燒。將伊利石與碳酸鈉混合煅燒、并用鹽酸進行酸浸試驗。通過單因素和正交試驗探討煅燒活化溫度、煅燒時間和堿礦比,以及酸浸時的固液比、鹽酸濃度、酸浸時間、酸浸溫度對伊利石Al浸出率的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),影響伊利石Al浸出率的主次因素順序為:液固比堿礦比HCl濃度酸浸時間煅燒溫度酸浸溫度煅燒時間;Al浸出率的優(yōu)化條件為:煅燒溫度900℃、煅燒時間2h、堿礦比4:10、酸浸溫度70℃、酸浸時間1h、HCl濃度20%和液固比5:1。在最優(yōu)實驗條件下,酸浸反應(yīng)濾液的化學(xué)成分:Al2O3,22.15(mg/10mL);Fe2O3,1.08(mg/10mL);SiO2,0.24(mg/10mL);TiO2,0.65(mg/10mL)。Al2O3的浸出率為91%。以酸浸濾液為原料,以濁度去除率為指標,制備PAFC。最佳條件為:反應(yīng)pH=3.5,鋁鐵比5:1,反應(yīng)溫度80℃,反應(yīng)時間為3.5h。制備出的固體聚合氯化鋁鐵產(chǎn)品為棕褐色,產(chǎn)品中Al2O3含量為27.79%、Fe2O3含量為3.84%、鹽基度為79.36%;通過IR、TG-DTG、SEM進行表征,產(chǎn)品羥基含量高、聚合度良好,其相關(guān)指標均達到企業(yè)指標要求。
[Abstract]:In China, Illite is widely distributed, has large reserves and is of good quality. Although Illite has been successfully used in many aspects, the preparation of flocculant with Illite as raw material has not been reported. Due to the shortage of water resources and the continuous increase of the total amount of sewage in China, it is urgent to treat sewage. The research on flocculant-flocculant, which is the key link of water treatment, needs to be further strengthened. Illite belongs to high aluminous clay. Illite is used as raw material to prepare polyaluminum ferric chloride flocculant by wet deposition, which can not only give full play to its high aluminum properties, but also open up a new way of thinking for the utilization of Illite. It also found a new material for the preparation of inorganic polymer flocculant. First of all, the pulping test of Illite ore is carried out. The optimum conditions are as follows: ramming speed is 2000rpm, ramming time is 90min, dispersant dosage is 0.9%; Then the slurry was classified by natural sedimentation, and three particle grades-2 渭 m,-5 渭 m and-10 渭 m were divided into three grades:-2 渭 m,-5 渭 m and-10 渭 m, and then the chemical composition, particle size and XRD analysis of the three particles were carried out respectively. The results showed that all the three sizes of quartz have been effectively removed, the content of SiO2 decreased, and the content of Al2O3 increased and the classification effect was good. Because the yield of-10 渭 m particles after sedimentation is higher than 90%, and it only takes 19 minutes to settle at once, the Al2O3 content of the product after sedimentation is obviously increased. Therefore, the grade-10 渭 m product was used as the next step to prepare polyaluminum ferric chloride flocculant. The activation tests of purified Illite were carried out by direct calcination and alkali-assisted calcination respectively. The results showed that the fluxing method was helpful to the dissolution of Illite crystal structure and the dissolution of aluminum. The solubilization effect is in turn: sodium carbonate sodium fluoride direct calcination. Illite and sodium carbonate were mixed calcined and acid leached with hydrochloric acid. The effects of calcination activation temperature, calcination time and alkali-ore ratio, solid-liquid ratio, hydrochloric acid concentration, acid leaching time and acid leaching temperature on the leaching rate of Illite Al were investigated by single factor and orthogonal test. The results showed that the order of the main and secondary factors affecting the leaching rate of Illite Al was as follows: acid leaching time of liquid-solid specific alkali-ore ratio to HCl concentration calcination temperature acid leaching temperature calcining time; The optimum conditions for leaching rate of Al are as follows: calcination temperature 900 鈩，

本文編號：2468023