【摘要】：當(dāng)巷道圍巖中含有軟弱巖層時(shí),巷道不可避免地出現(xiàn)弱結(jié)構(gòu)部位,而巷道層位及斷面形狀的不同會(huì)導(dǎo)致弱結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)巷道的影響程度不同,巷道圍巖控制難易程度也不盡相同,從而造成巷道圍巖長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性的差異。因此,對(duì)圍巖弱結(jié)構(gòu)巷道進(jìn)行研究具有重要的理論意義和工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。本論文以紅一煤礦暗回風(fēng)斜井為研究對(duì)象,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研了巷道工程地質(zhì)特征,實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試了巷道圍巖物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)。巷道圍巖中含有0.9 m厚的軟弱巖層,并總結(jié)分析了巖性弱結(jié)構(gòu)巷道圍巖一般變形破壞特征及控制技術(shù)方法。根據(jù)實(shí)際工程地質(zhì)條件,提出了四種巷道布置方案,分別為I-1方案:直墻半圓拱形巷道,頂沿5煤頂板粗砂巖;I-2方案:矩形巷道,頂沿5煤頂板粗砂巖;II-1方案:直墻半圓拱形巷道,底沿5煤底板;II-2方案:矩形巷道,底沿5煤底板。通過數(shù)值計(jì)算研究在四種方案下軟弱巖層對(duì)巷道的影響,分析其圍巖變形破壞特征,發(fā)現(xiàn)I-2方案和II-1方案巷道圍巖的變形破壞較小,并結(jié)合巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性和支護(hù)技術(shù),確定最優(yōu)方案為I-2方案。針對(duì)I-2方案巷幫肩角弱結(jié)構(gòu)部位提出控制措施,模擬分析錨桿、錨索的支護(hù)作用及效果,并據(jù)此提出錨桿-錨索內(nèi)、外承載結(jié)構(gòu)協(xié)調(diào)變形原理,即在巷道圍巖條件較差,采用錨桿-錨索聯(lián)合支護(hù)時(shí),在外承載結(jié)構(gòu)的作用下,使內(nèi)承載結(jié)構(gòu)的變形和外承載結(jié)構(gòu)的變形相協(xié)調(diào),從而有效控制巷道圍巖表面變形,保證巷道的長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定和安全使用;根據(jù)巷道圍巖特征,對(duì)錨桿、錨索預(yù)緊力的匹配設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計(jì)算研究。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)表明,暗回風(fēng)斜井采用I-2方案和相應(yīng)的圍巖控制技術(shù)后,巷道圍巖變形得到了有效控制,支護(hù)效果較好,取得了良好的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,為類似條件下巷道的合理層位、斷面形狀選擇及圍巖控制技術(shù)提供了參考。
[Abstract]:When there are soft rock layers in the surrounding rock of the roadway, the weak structure will inevitably appear in the roadway, and the different strata and cross-section shape of the roadway will lead to the different influence of the weak structure on the roadway, and the difficulty of controlling the surrounding rock of the roadway will also be different. As a result, the long-term stability of roadway surrounding rock is different. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the weak structure roadway of surrounding rock. In this paper, the tunnel engineering geological characteristics are investigated on the spot, and the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the roadway are tested in laboratory, taking the inclined shaft of dark return air in Hongyi Coal Mine as the research object. The soft rock with thickness of 0.9 m is contained in the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the general deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway with weak lithologic structure and the control techniques are summarized and analyzed. According to the actual engineering geological conditions, four kinds of roadway layout schemes are put forward, which are as follows: straight-wall semi-circular arch roadway, roof with 5 coal roof coarse sandstone, I? 2 scheme: rectangular roadway with top along 5 coal roof coarse sandstone, and 5 coal roof coarse sandstone with vertical wall. II-1 scheme: straight wall semi-circular arch roadway, bottom 5 coal floor; II-2 scheme: rectangular roadway, bottom 5 coal floor. By means of numerical calculation, the influence of soft rock on roadway under four schemes is studied, and the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock are analyzed. It is found that the deformation and failure of surrounding rock of roadway under I _ (2) scheme and II-1 scheme are relatively small. Combined with the stability of surrounding rock and supporting technology, the optimal scheme is I ~ (2) scheme. In view of the weak structure position of the shoulder corner of the roadway side of plan I ~ 2, the control measures are put forward, and the supporting action and effect of anchor rod and anchor cable are simulated and analyzed. On this basis, the principle of coordinated deformation of bolt-anchor cable inside and outside bearing structure is put forward, that is, the condition of surrounding rock of roadway is poor. Under the action of the external bearing structure, the deformation of the inner bearing structure is coordinated with the deformation of the outer bearing structure, which effectively controls the surface deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and ensures the long-term stability and safe use of the roadway. According to the characteristics of surrounding rock of roadway, the matching design of pre-tightening force of anchor bar and anchor cable is studied by numerical calculation. The field industrial test shows that the deformation of roadway surrounding rock is effectively controlled and the supporting effect is better, and good technical and economic benefits are obtained after adopting the I ~ (2) scheme and the corresponding surrounding rock control technology in the dark return wind inclined shaft. It provides a reference for the reasonable level, section shape selection and surrounding rock control technology of roadway under similar conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD353

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本文編號(hào)：2454224