【摘要】：中國是世界鈹資源大國,本次工作統(tǒng)計到中國鈹資源產(chǎn)地241處。鈹?shù)V床可分為內(nèi)生型和外生型。根據(jù)巖漿系統(tǒng)的堿鋁屬性,內(nèi)生鈹?shù)V床可分屬于過鋁性、偏鋁性、過堿性成礦系統(tǒng);根據(jù)流體演化階段,再分為巖漿型、偉晶巖型、巖漿熱液型等3個類型;然后根據(jù)賦礦環(huán)境進一步分為偉晶巖型、花崗巖型、石英脈型、矽卡巖型、云英巖型等多個礦化形式。過鋁性系統(tǒng)的礦石礦物主要為綠柱石;偏鋁性系統(tǒng)的礦石礦物主要為硅鈹石、羥硅鈹石、日光榴石等;堿性系統(tǒng)的礦石礦物主要為硅鈹鈉石、斜方板晶石、硅鋇鈹?shù)V、硅鈹石、羥硅鈹石、硅鈹釔礦等。不同賦礦環(huán)境產(chǎn)生不同類型的鈹?shù)V床,對應不同的礦物組合、礦化分帶、礦石結構。統(tǒng)計結果表明,中國鈹?shù)V床主要產(chǎn)于過鋁性的成礦系統(tǒng),偏鋁性、堿性成礦系統(tǒng)的鈹?shù)V床較少。多數(shù)鈹?shù)V床形成于中生代,主要產(chǎn)于新疆阿爾泰、川西、南嶺等成礦帶。堿性成礦系統(tǒng)的鈹?shù)V床多分布在板塊邊緣的深斷裂或裂谷,過鋁性成礦系統(tǒng)的鈹?shù)V床主要形成于褶皺造山帶,具有一定的定向分布特征。過鋁性-偏鋁性成礦系統(tǒng)的鈹成礦作用可用表示不同巖漿演化階段和成礦環(huán)境的成礦模型描述。筆者建議:在阿爾泰和川西成礦帶,重點考慮花崗偉晶巖型鋰鈹鈮鉭資源的綜合找礦工作;在華南地區(qū),注意與鎢錫共(伴)生的鈹資源的綜合利用;著重在地質(zhì)找礦和科研工作程度較低的地區(qū),包括在東南沿海、大興安嶺地區(qū)尋找火山巖型和巖漿熱液型鈹?shù)V床;加大西部鈹資源空白區(qū)的找礦工作。
[Abstract]:China is the world beryllium resource big country, this work statistics to China beryllium resource origin 241. Beryllium deposits can be divided into endogenous and exogenic types. According to the alkali-aluminum attribute of magmatic system, the endogenic beryllium deposit can be divided into three types: peraluminous, partial aluminized and over-alkaline metallogenic system, and according to the stage of fluid evolution, it can be divided into three types: magmatic type, pegmatitic type and magmatic hydrothermal type. Then, according to the ore-bearing environment, it is further divided into pegmatite type, granite type, quartz vein type, skarn type, cloud type and so on. The ore minerals of peraluminous system are mainly chlorite, and the ore minerals of metaluminous system are mainly silica beryllium, hydroxyberyllium, solar garnet, etc. The ore minerals of the alkaline system are mainly beryllium, orthobarite, barium beryllium, yttrium and so on. Different ore-bearing environments produce different types of beryllium deposits, corresponding to different mineral assemblages, mineralization zones and ore structures. The statistical results show that the beryllium deposits in China mainly occur in the peraluminous metallogenic system, with less beryllium deposits in the metaluminous and alkaline metallogenic systems. Most beryllium deposits were formed in Mesozoic, mainly in Altai, western Sichuan and Nanling metallogenic belts in Xinjiang. The beryllium deposits in the alkaline metallogenic system are mostly distributed in the deep faults or rifts at the edge of the plate. The beryllium deposits in the peraluminous metallogenic system are mainly formed in the fold orogenic belt and have certain directional distribution characteristics. The beryllium mineralization of the peraluminous-metaluminous metallogenic system can be described by a metallogenic model representing different stages of magmatic evolution and metallogenic environment. The authors suggest that in the Altai and western Sichuan metallogenic belts, the comprehensive prospecting work of granite pegmatite type lithium, beryllium, niobium and tantalum resources should be taken into account, and in South China, attention should be paid to the comprehensive utilization of the associated beryllium resources with tungsten and tin. It is emphasized to search for volcanic rock type and magmatic hydrothermal beryllium deposit in the areas with low degree of geological prospecting and scientific research, including in the southeast coast and Daxinganling area, and to increase the prospecting work in the western beryllium resource blank area.
【作者單位】： 中國地質(zhì)科學院礦產(chǎn)資源研究所國土資源部成礦作用與資源評價重點實驗室;中國地質(zhì)大學;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(編號:41372088) 地調(diào)項目(編號:DD20160056;DD20160055) 中央級公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務費專項基金(編號:K1409)聯(lián)合資助
【分類號】：P618.72

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