【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展,巖石爆破技術(shù)在水利水電、礦山、交通等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域獲得了廣泛應(yīng)用,并且產(chǎn)生了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益；與此同時(shí),隨著爆破理論研究的不斷深入,我們對(duì)于巖石爆破機(jī)理的研究雖然取得了可喜的進(jìn)展,但是我們知道巖石爆破機(jī)理是一個(gè)極其復(fù)雜的問題,目前理論研究還不是很成熟,特別是隨著煤層開采條件越來越復(fù)雜,煤層厚巖頂板隨之增多,嚴(yán)重威脅煤礦開采安全,通過對(duì)深孔爆破在煤層砂巖頂板中的應(yīng)用研究,對(duì)工程實(shí)踐有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。 本文以淮南礦區(qū)煤層砂巖頂板為工程背景,以理論分析為手段,本文以頂板砂巖作為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的巖石爆破理論,分析巖石爆破破碎的三種原理假說以及深孔內(nèi)部爆破作用機(jī)理,以柱狀裝藥下的爆炸荷載為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)柱狀爆破巖石壓碎圈與裂隙圈半徑進(jìn)行計(jì)算,并且指出在深孔爆破時(shí)要考慮地應(yīng)力的影響。對(duì)當(dāng)前比較常用的計(jì)算炮孔不耦合裝藥孔壁壓力公式進(jìn)行列舉；在損傷力學(xué)研究的方法的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)當(dāng)前存在的爆破損傷判據(jù)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和分析；在理論的基礎(chǔ)上,將深孔爆破技術(shù)應(yīng)用在煤礦砂巖頂板中進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用研究,深孔爆破技術(shù)主要是工作面超前深孔爆破強(qiáng)制放頂技術(shù),通過兩個(gè)淮南礦區(qū)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工程實(shí)例應(yīng)用,驗(yàn)證深孔爆破技術(shù)的可行性和合理性。結(jié)果表明：深孔爆破技術(shù)在淮南礦區(qū)取得較好的效果。 本文利用的深孔爆破技術(shù),可以在爆破參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)起到參考作用,同時(shí)該技術(shù)方法可以為類似工程提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of national economic construction, rock blasting technology has been widely used in water conservancy, hydropower, mining, transportation and other fields, and has produced huge economic and social benefits. At the same time, with the further study of blasting theory, although we have made gratifying progress in the study of rock blasting mechanism, we know that rock blasting mechanism is an extremely complex problem. At present, the theoretical research is not very mature, especially with the increasing complexity of coal seam mining conditions, the increase of coal seam thick rock roof, which seriously threatens the safety of coal mine mining, through the application research of deep hole blasting in coal seam sandstone roof, It has certain guiding significance to engineering practice. In this paper, the roof of coal seam sandstone in Huainan mining area is taken as the engineering background, the theoretical analysis is used as the means, the roof sandstone is taken as the research object, and according to the existing rock blasting theory, The three hypotheses of rock blasting fragmentation and the mechanism of deep hole blasting are analyzed. Based on the explosion load under column charge, the radius of rock crushing circle and fracture circle in cylindrical blasting is calculated. It is pointed out that the effect of in-situ stress should be taken into account in deep-hole blasting. On the basis of the methods of damage mechanics, the existing blasting damage criteria are summarized and analyzed, and the formulas for calculating the wall pressure of uncoupled charge holes are enumerated, and the existing blasting damage criteria are summarized and analyzed based on the research methods of damage mechanics. On the basis of theory, the application of deep-hole blasting technology in sandstone roof of coal mine is studied on the spot. The technology of deep-hole blasting is mainly the forced caving technology of deep-hole blasting in working face, through the application of two field engineering examples of Huainan mining area, the technology of deep-hole blasting is applied in the field of mine sandstone roof. The feasibility and rationality of deep hole blasting technology are verified. The results show that the deep-hole blasting technique has achieved good results in Huainan mining area. The deep-hole blasting technology used in this paper can play a referential role in the design of blasting parameters, and the technical method can be used for reference and reference for similar projects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD235

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