【摘要】：隨著生產(chǎn)的持續(xù)進行余華寺礦區(qū)尾礦庫逐漸接近庫容上限，尾礦的排放以及深部礦體的開采成為礦山面臨的主要難題。為了有效的回收資源，礦山?jīng)Q定-340m之上礦體進行強采，之后利用塌陷坑堆存尾礦，同時選擇合理的采礦方案進行深部礦體的開采。 由于余華寺礦區(qū)工程地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜，采用相似模擬試驗與數(shù)值模擬計算相結(jié)合的方法，研究尾礦干堆條件下深部開采的可行性。首先，利用相似模擬試驗的方法，分別模擬尾礦干堆后采用無底柱分段崩落法與上向進路充填法開采深部礦體，分析得出采用上向進路充填法更加安全可靠；其次，依據(jù)余華寺礦區(qū)雨季暴雨多的特點，進行了不同降雨條件下尾礦干堆后深部開采模擬，結(jié)果表明為防止暴雨侵襲，尾礦干堆排放需要采取一定的加固措施；再次，利用數(shù)值模擬的優(yōu)勢，，模擬-340m以上強采、塌陷坑尾礦干堆、-340m以下深部開采的過程，揭示了開采過程中塌陷區(qū)受力特征、地表沉降特征和干堆尾礦穩(wěn)定性；最后，結(jié)合模擬試驗過程與結(jié)果提出相應(yīng)的安全防治措施供礦山實踐參考。 通過尾礦干堆技術(shù)利用礦山廢棄空間堆存尾礦，不但解決了尾礦排放問題，而且回填了廢棄空間，取得一舉兩得的效果，給礦山帶來良好的經(jīng)濟效益與社會效益，是一種值得推廣的技術(shù)手段。
[Abstract]:With the development of production, the tailings reservoir of Yu Hua Si mining area is gradually approaching the upper limit of the reservoir capacity. The discharge of tailings and the mining of deep orebodies become the main problems facing the mines. In order to recover resources effectively, the mine decides to take strong mining of ore body above -340 m, and then pile up tailings with collapse pit, and select reasonable mining plan to mine deep orebody. Due to the complexity of engineering geological conditions in Yu Hua Si mining area, the feasibility of deep mining under dry pile condition of tailings is studied by using the method of similar simulation test and numerical simulation. Firstly, the method of similar simulation test is used to simulate the tailings dry pile, and the sublevel caving method without bottom pillar and the filling method of upward approach are used to mine the deep orebody, and it is concluded that it is more safe and reliable to adopt the method of upward approach filling. Secondly, according to the characteristics of heavy rain in the rainy season of Yu Hua Si mining area, the deep mining simulation of tailings dry pile under different rainfall conditions is carried out. The results show that in order to prevent rainstorm, some reinforcement measures should be taken for tailings dry pile discharge. Thirdly, the advantage of numerical simulation is used to simulate the process of strong mining above -340 m, dry pile of collapse pit tailings and deep mining below -340 m, which reveals the mechanical characteristics of subsidence area, surface subsidence characteristics and the stability of dry pile tailings in the process of mining. Finally, combined with the simulation test process and results, the corresponding safety prevention and control measures are put forward for mine practice reference. By using the technology of tailings dry pile to store tailings in waste space, not only the problem of tailings discharge is solved, but also the waste space is backfilled, and the effect of killing two birds with one stone is obtained, which brings good economic and social benefits to the mine. It is a technical means worth popularizing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD926.4

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