【摘要】：深埋煤巖體在較高的地應力作用和地質活動的影響下自身存在大量的裂隙與節(jié)理、割理,在巷道掘進及工作面回采過程中,應力的重分布及回采動壓會加劇煤巖體的變形破壞,影響巷道的穩(wěn)定及工作面的安全回采。注漿加固是巖土工程中常用的加固技術手段,可以有效提高加固對象的物理力學參數(shù),提高巖土體的自承載力。本文以晉煤集團趙莊煤業(yè)為背景,針對破碎及裂隙煤巖體的注漿加固問題,通過試驗研究、理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場工程試驗等方法對煤巖體的注漿材料性能、加固效果、注漿參數(shù)影響因素、滲透與劈裂注漿共同作用機制等問題進行了研究,主要得出以下幾點成果:(1)通過滲透注漿中漿液沿平面裂隙作圓周擴散和沿平面裂隙單向擴散兩種形式進行了分析研究,獲得了滲透注漿中注漿壓力與擴散范圍的關系�；趶椥粤W理論計算了使注漿孔孔壁在漿液壓力和地應力作用下發(fā)生劈裂破壞的注漿壓力值,并由分析可知對劈裂注漿所需壓力影響最大因素是與注漿孔垂直平面上的σ1與σ3比值,比值越大,越容易實現(xiàn)注漿孔孔壁劈裂;基于損傷斷裂力學理論分析計算了使裂隙發(fā)生擴展的壓力值及擴展長度。(2)為了對破碎煤體進行注漿,在參考了相關資料的基礎上設計了一套注漿裝置。并對注漿后的注漿加固體進行了單軸和三軸壓縮試驗,獲得了峰值強度與圍壓、峰值強度與孔隙率、峰值強度與注漿壓力、殘余強度與圍壓、殘余強度與孔隙率、殘余強度與注漿壓力、峰值應變與圍壓、峰值應變與孔隙率及峰值應變與注漿壓力關系式,并對其進行了分析討論,得到了孔隙率及注漿壓力對注漿效果的影響規(guī)律。注漿加固體的強度隨著被注材料和注漿材料強度的增長而增長,但是注漿加固體的峰值強度主要是由注漿材料的強度決定的。(3)利用軟件COMSOL分別建立二維和三維的模型,通過對不同孔隙率、不同注漿壓力及不同注漿材料進行注漿模擬模擬。根據(jù)模型中選取點的孔隙水壓力變化情況分析了實際注漿過程中不同位置漿液擴散情況,并得到了孔隙率、注漿壓力及漿液粘度對注漿效果的影響程度及規(guī)律。(4)結合工作面的工程地質條件與回采情況,提出綜采工作面超深孔順槽注漿加固技術方案與參數(shù),根據(jù)方案對工作面進行了注漿并在后期進行了跟蹤記錄。通過對煤壁片幫、頂板掉落、巷道變形、瑞米用量及工作面的推進速度進行了分析,結果表明,設計方案的注漿效果達到了預期的目標,對增強工作面的穩(wěn)定性有著非常重要的作用。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of high ground stress and geological activity, there are a large number of fractures and joints in deep buried coal and rock mass. In the process of roadway excavation and face mining, the stress redistribution and mining dynamic pressure will aggravate the deformation and destruction of coal and rock mass. It affects the stability of roadway and the safety of mining face. Grouting reinforcement is a commonly used reinforcement technique in geotechnical engineering, which can effectively improve the physical and mechanical parameters of the reinforcement object and the self-bearing capacity of the rock and soil mass. In this paper, based on Zhaozhuang Coal Industry of Jin Coal Group, aiming at the problem of grouting reinforcement of broken and fractured coal and rock mass, through experimental research, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field engineering test, the grouting material performance and reinforcement effect of coal and rock mass are studied. The influence factors of grouting parameters, the interaction mechanism of permeation and split grouting were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the relationship between grouting pressure and diffusion range in permeable grouting is obtained by analyzing and studying the two forms of slurry diffusion along the plane fissure and unidirectional diffusion along the plane fissure. Based on the elastic theory, the grouting pressure value of the grouting hole wall under the action of grouting pressure and in-situ stress is calculated. The ratio of 蟽 _ 1 to 蟽 _ 3 on the vertical plane of grouting hole is the biggest influence factor on the pressure required for splitting grouting, and the bigger the ratio is, the easier it is to realize the splitting of grouting hole wall. Based on the theory of damage fracture mechanics, the pressure and length of crack propagation are calculated and analyzed. (2) in order to grouting the broken coal body, a grouting device is designed on the basis of referring to the relevant data. The uniaxial and triaxial compression tests of grouting and solid were carried out, and the peak strength and confining pressure, peak strength and porosity, peak strength and grouting pressure, residual strength and confining pressure, residual strength and porosity were obtained. The relationship between residual strength and grouting pressure, peak strain and confining pressure, peak strain and porosity, and peak strain and grouting pressure were analyzed and discussed, and the influence of porosity and grouting pressure on grouting effect was obtained. The strength of grouting plus solid increases with the increase of the strength of the grouting material and the grouting material, but the peak strength of the grouting and solid is mainly determined by the strength of the grouting material. (3) the 2D and 3D models are established by using the software COMSOL, respectively. Different porosity, different grouting pressure and different grouting materials were simulated. According to the variation of pore water pressure at selected points in the model, the diffusivity of slurry at different positions in the actual grouting process is analyzed, and the porosity is obtained. The influence degree and law of grouting pressure and slurry viscosity on grouting effect. (4) combined with the engineering geological conditions and mining conditions of the working face, the technical scheme and parameters of grouting reinforcement in ultra-deep hole and downstream groove of fully mechanized coal mining face are put forward. According to the scheme, grouting is carried out on the working face and the track record is carried out in the later stage. Through the analysis of coal wall cover, roof drop, roadway deformation, Remy dosage and working face speed, the result shows that the grouting effect of the design scheme has reached the expected goal. It plays a very important role in enhancing the stability of working face.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD265.4

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