【摘要】：我國是產(chǎn)煤大國,其中90%的原煤總產(chǎn)量屬于礦井開采。然而,由于煤礦復(fù)雜的水文地質(zhì)條件和開采水平逐漸延伸,受水害威脅的煤約占探明儲(chǔ)量的27%[1]。華北型煤田是我國主要的聚煤區(qū),下組煤層開采普遍受煤系地層底板強(qiáng)含水層威脅[2]。淮北楊莊礦為華北型煤礦,6煤層的開采受底板石炭系太原組及中奧陶統(tǒng)石灰?guī)r突水威脅。其中三水平的Ⅳ1、Ⅳ2采區(qū)為深部采區(qū),底板水壓較淺部增大,突水程度也進(jìn)一步加大。因此預(yù)測6煤層底板突水危險(xiǎn)性,確保礦井安全生產(chǎn)具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。在收集水文地質(zhì)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了研究區(qū)的地質(zhì)條件、水文地質(zhì)條件,通過6煤底板隔水層巖性組合、厚度、巖體結(jié)構(gòu)特征和巖體類型分析,評價(jià)了Ⅳ1、Ⅳ2采區(qū)6煤底板隔水能力,結(jié)論是隔水性能較好;通過水力壓裂法測試6煤底板的阻水性,得出薄層巖體滲透性高,阻水能力弱,厚層較完整巖體滲透性較低,阻水能力較好的結(jié)論;通過分析研究區(qū)太原組灰?guī)r的埋深,單位涌水量的變化規(guī)律和水位特征,得出研究區(qū)太原組一～四灰含水層組富水性等級(jí)為弱至強(qiáng)富水性,巖層的滲透性隨著含水層的埋深增大而減小;運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)(FLAC3D),模擬在開采條件下6煤層底板巖體的破壞規(guī)律,確定了底板破壞最大深度;采用多元信息綜合評價(jià)法,選取灰?guī)r含水層富水性,含水層水壓,底板砂巖率,有效隔水層厚度,斷裂分維值和斷層密度6個(gè)指標(biāo),對研究區(qū)6煤底板進(jìn)行突水危險(xiǎn)性評價(jià)。與突水系數(shù)法所做的評價(jià)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析。結(jié)論是多元信息綜合評價(jià)方法在預(yù)測煤層底板突水危險(xiǎn)性時(shí)有較強(qiáng)的適用性。
[Abstract]:China is a big coal-producing country, 90% of the total output of raw coal is mine mining. However, because of the complex hydrogeological conditions and mining level, the coal threatened by water is about 27% of the proven reserves. North China type coal field is the main coal accumulation area in China. Coal seam mining of lower formation is generally threatened by strong aquifer of coal measure strata floor [2]. Yangzhuang Mine in Huaibei is a North China type coal mine. The exploitation of No. 6 coal seam is threatened by water inrush of Taiyuan formation of Carboniferous and Middle Ordovician limestone. Among them, the three levels of 鈪，

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