【摘要】：近年來(lái),礦產(chǎn)資源的大規(guī)模開采引發(fā)了一系列的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境問題,不僅威脅著人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,破壞了和諧的生態(tài)環(huán)境,而且嚴(yán)重影響和制約了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,礦產(chǎn)開發(fā)等人類工程活動(dòng)與生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)之間如何實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)展可持續(xù),已成為亟待解決的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)一般從資源、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)三者相互協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的角度出發(fā),全面系統(tǒng)地分析礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境,并對(duì)其影響程度進(jìn)行定量評(píng)價(jià)。現(xiàn)今國(guó)內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者密切關(guān)注并就礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)方法開展了大量的理論研究,但目前國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者主要是就單個(gè)礦山的地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題開展研究課題,而對(duì)區(qū)域性、整體性及多因素評(píng)價(jià)的研究目前還處于剛剛起步的階段。本文在對(duì)資源枯竭型城市華鎣市礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境進(jìn)行野外實(shí)地調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合收集到的礦區(qū)相關(guān)開采、環(huán)境地質(zhì)等方面的資料,從自然地理?xiàng)l件、地質(zhì)背景、礦山開采現(xiàn)狀等方面入手,對(duì)華鎣市因礦產(chǎn)開發(fā)而引起的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害問題、地下水環(huán)境破壞問題、地形地貌景觀破壞問題及土地資源損毀破壞問題等進(jìn)行了詳盡深入的調(diào)查、分析與評(píng)價(jià)。本文運(yùn)用層次分析法從地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件、三廢排放、壓占與破壞土地、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)育和生態(tài)環(huán)境恢復(fù)等5個(gè)方面選取出的14個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)因子,構(gòu)建了一套評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系和評(píng)價(jià)模型,用于評(píng)價(jià)華鎣市礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題的影響程度,然后根據(jù)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果劃分出嚴(yán)重區(qū)、較嚴(yán)重區(qū)和一般區(qū)。最后有針對(duì)性地提出了地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治、水資源環(huán)境保護(hù)、土地資源與地形地貌景觀恢復(fù),以及礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)等一系列的措施,為有效指導(dǎo)華鎣市合理開發(fā)礦產(chǎn)資源及開展地質(zhì)環(huán)境防治提供了科學(xué)的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the large-scale exploitation of mineral resources has caused a series of social, economic and ecological environmental problems, which not only threaten the safety of people's lives and property, but also destroy the harmonious ecological environment. And seriously affected and restricted the sustainable development of social economy. Therefore, how to realize sustainable development between human engineering activities such as mineral exploitation and ecological environment protection has become a practical problem to be solved urgently. Generally speaking, the geological environment evaluation of mines is based on the coordinated development of resources, environment and economy. The geological environment of mines is analyzed comprehensively and systematically, and its influence degree is evaluated quantitatively. At present, experts and scholars at home and abroad pay close attention to mine geological environment assessment methods and carry out a large number of theoretical studies. However, at present, domestic scholars mainly focus on the geological environment of a single mine. The research of integrality and multi-factor evaluation is still in its infancy. On the basis of field investigation of mine geological environment in Huaying City, a resource-exhausted city, this paper combines the data collected from related mining and environmental geology in the mining area, and from the natural geographical conditions, geological background, etc. Starting with the present situation of mining in Huaying City, the geological disasters caused by mineral exploitation, the environmental damage of groundwater, the damage of landform and landscape and the destruction of land resources are investigated in detail and deeply. Analysis and evaluation. In this paper, 14 evaluation index factors are selected from five aspects, such as geological environment condition, waste discharge, occupation and destruction of land, development of geological disaster and restoration of ecological environment, etc. A set of evaluation index system and evaluation model are constructed to evaluate the influence degree of mine geological environmental problems in Huaying City. According to the evaluation results, the serious area, the more serious area and the general area are divided. Finally, a series of measures such as geological disaster prevention and control, water resources environmental protection, land resources, landform and landscape restoration, and mine geological environment monitoring are put forward. It provides a scientific basis for the rational exploitation of mineral resources and the prevention and control of geological environment in Huaying City.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD167;X82

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 馬愛民;謝亞瓊;;礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境保護(hù)與治理恢復(fù)方案編制中幾個(gè)技術(shù)問題的探討[J];中國(guó)環(huán)境管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2009年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：2402403