【摘要】：露天礦邊坡的穩(wěn)定性探究是露天礦山設(shè)計(jì)中不可或缺的一部分，同時(shí)它亦然是當(dāng)代礦山經(jīng)濟(jì)安全探究的要點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)。由于露天礦山工程的開展，采掘規(guī)模的持續(xù)擴(kuò)大和延伸，露天礦邊坡的失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象變得日益嚴(yán)峻，邊坡的穩(wěn)定性已經(jīng)是礦山生產(chǎn)及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益提高的重要因素。 本論文以華西露天礦首采區(qū)非工作幫邊坡為依托，由于該區(qū)內(nèi)上覆巖層被第四系風(fēng)積沙所覆蓋，表層黃土節(jié)理發(fā)育，易形成裂縫甚至可致圓弧形滑坡，并且區(qū)內(nèi)地層主要以礫巖、砂礫巖為主，在加上雨季來臨時(shí)，受水的影響，邊坡弱化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，邊坡是典型的軟巖邊坡，邊坡不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。目前華西露天礦正處于首采區(qū)剝采階段，隨著采掘進(jìn)度的推進(jìn)，非工作幫暴露時(shí)間過長(zhǎng)，風(fēng)化作用嚴(yán)重，故急需對(duì)其非工作幫邊坡進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性分析與評(píng)價(jià)。 本論文通過理論分析、巖土試驗(yàn)、極限平衡法、數(shù)值模擬及與實(shí)際結(jié)合的研究方法對(duì)華西露天礦非工作幫邊坡展開分析與評(píng)價(jià)，以華西露天礦水文地質(zhì)資料為基礎(chǔ)，經(jīng)過現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研和物理力學(xué)試驗(yàn)全面掌握非工作幫邊坡的地質(zhì)情況及巖土體的物理力學(xué)特性，為邊坡的穩(wěn)定性分析與評(píng)價(jià)奠定數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)。運(yùn)用GEO-SLOPE軟件中的Bishop法、簡(jiǎn)步法、Spencer法等多種方法對(duì)其非工作幫邊坡進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性分析與評(píng)價(jià)。同時(shí)運(yùn)用FLAC3D軟件對(duì)非工作幫進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，通過分析邊坡內(nèi)應(yīng)力、位移、切應(yīng)變率和切應(yīng)變量等情況，，得出邊坡處于相對(duì)穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，潛在危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域主要集中在9煤層及9煤層以上表土臺(tái)階以下的局部區(qū)域，進(jìn)而驗(yàn)證了極限平衡理論的準(zhǔn)確性，同時(shí)結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際采掘情況，提出相應(yīng)的邊坡防滑和治理方案，以確保露天煤礦正常推進(jìn)和安全生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:The study of slope stability in open-pit mines is an indispensable part in the design of open-pit mines, and it is also the key point and difficulty in the exploration of economic safety in contemporary mines. Due to the development of open-pit mine engineering and the continuous expansion and extension of mining scale, the instability of open-pit slope becomes increasingly severe, and the stability of slope has become an important factor in mine production and economic efficiency improvement. This paper is based on the non-working slope in the first mining area of West China Open-pit Mine. Because the overlying strata in this area are covered by the quaternary aeolian sand, the surface loess joints are developed, and the cracks can even cause the circular arc landslide. The strata in this area are mainly composed of conglomerate and sandy gravel. When the rainy season comes, the slope weakening phenomenon is serious, the slope is a typical soft rock slope, and the slope instability occurs from time to time. At present, West China Open-pit Mine is in the stage of stripping mining in the first mining area. With the advance of mining progress, the exposure time of non-working slope is too long and the weathering effect is serious, so it is urgent to analyze and evaluate the stability of its non-working slope. Through theoretical analysis, geotechnical test, limit equilibrium method, numerical simulation and practical research methods, this paper analyzes and evaluates the non-working slope of open pit mine in West China, which is based on hydrogeological data of open pit mine in West China. Through field investigation and physical and mechanical tests, the geological conditions of non-working slope and the physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil are fully grasped, which lays a data foundation for the analysis and evaluation of slope stability. The stability of non-working slope is analyzed and evaluated by using Bishop method, simple step method and Spencer method in GEO-SLOPE software. At the same time, FLAC3D software is used to simulate the non-working slope. By analyzing the stress, displacement, shear strain rate and shear strain variables of the slope, it is concluded that the slope is in a relatively stable state. The potential danger area is mainly concentrated in the local area of 9 coal seam and the area below the surface soil steps above 9 coal seam, which verifies the accuracy of the limit equilibrium theory. At the same time, combined with the actual excavation situation on the spot, the corresponding slope anti-slip and treatment scheme are put forward. To ensure open-pit coal mine normal propulsion and safety production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD824.7

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