【摘要】：加球是磨礦作業(yè)必不可少的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),合理的鋼球充填率是保證球磨機(jī)高效運(yùn)行的前提。目前我國絕大多數(shù)選礦廠的球磨機(jī)都采用人工加球。人工操作受到精力、責(zé)任心、熟練程度、操作經(jīng)驗(yàn)等因素的制約,難以實(shí)時(shí)根據(jù)生產(chǎn)情況及時(shí)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)球,甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)斷球掉球的情況。磨礦作業(yè)是一個(gè)復(fù)雜且高能耗的生產(chǎn)過程,在選礦廠投入的成本中占很大的比重,實(shí)現(xiàn)球磨機(jī)加球智能自動(dòng)控制,能夠克服人工加球存在的不及時(shí)、不合理、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大等不足,以減少電耗、提高生產(chǎn)效率,從而提高選礦企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文結(jié)合智能化自動(dòng)加球系統(tǒng)研究開發(fā)項(xiàng)目展開研究。首先介紹國內(nèi)外選礦自動(dòng)化技術(shù)和自動(dòng)加球設(shè)備的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,分析了國內(nèi)外自動(dòng)加球設(shè)備的工作原理以及存在的一些問題。針對(duì)國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有加球機(jī)的控制方法進(jìn)行了深入的研究,確定了智能型自動(dòng)加球系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案。針對(duì)國內(nèi)外一些自動(dòng)加球機(jī)存在的堵球難題,本文詳細(xì)介紹了解決堵球問題的辦法,并創(chuàng)新性地設(shè)計(jì)出一種疏堵裝置。通過分析球磨機(jī)電流與鋼球充填率之間的關(guān)系,采用智能控制算法檢測(cè)鋼球充填率,實(shí)現(xiàn)球磨機(jī)鋼球的合理自動(dòng)補(bǔ)加,提高了球磨機(jī)加球的合理性。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)先進(jìn)、可靠、實(shí)用的智能化加球系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì)了集散控制模式的自動(dòng)加球系統(tǒng),以PLC為控制核心,以激光傳感器和電流變送器為檢測(cè)部件,以變頻器和調(diào)速器為執(zhí)行儀表,實(shí)現(xiàn)球磨機(jī)鋼球添加的自動(dòng)檢測(cè)、控制和管理。下位機(jī)采用德國西門子S7-200 PLC,上位機(jī)采用工業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī),以Kingview6.53組態(tài)王軟件進(jìn)行監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),監(jiān)控界面豐富直觀、操作簡(jiǎn)便,具有良好的控制和監(jiān)控功能,實(shí)現(xiàn)了球磨機(jī)加球的自動(dòng)控制和遠(yuǎn)程信息化管理,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性能好、可靠性高、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。最后對(duì)自動(dòng)加球系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的應(yīng)用性試驗(yàn),進(jìn)一步解決了自動(dòng)加球系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)的堵、卡球的問題,實(shí)現(xiàn)了鋼球混合補(bǔ)加的精確控制,取得滿意的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Adding ball is an indispensable link in grinding operation, and reasonable ball filling rate is the prerequisite to ensure the high efficiency of ball mill. At present, most of the ball mills in China use manual ball addition. Manual operation is restricted by such factors as energy, responsibility, proficiency, operation experience and so on. It is difficult to make up the ball in real time according to the production situation, or even to break the ball and drop the ball. Grinding is a complex and high energy consumption production process, which accounts for a large proportion of the input cost in the concentrator. The intelligent automatic control of ball feeding in ball mill can overcome the untimely and unreasonable existence of manual ball feeding. In order to reduce electricity consumption, improve production efficiency, and improve the economic efficiency of mineral processing enterprises. In this paper, the research and development of intelligent automatic ball feeding system is carried out. This paper first introduces the development of automatic dressing technology and automatic ball feeding equipment at home and abroad, analyzes the working principle and some problems of automatic ball feeding equipment at home and abroad. The control method of the ball feeder at home and abroad is studied deeply, and the design scheme of the intelligent automatic ball feeding system is determined. Aiming at the problem of ball blocking existing in some automatic ball feeder at home and abroad, this paper introduces in detail the methods to solve the problem of ball plugging, and creatively designs a kind of plugging device. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the current of ball mill and the filling rate of steel ball, the intelligent control algorithm is used to detect the filling rate of steel ball, which realizes the reasonable automatic addition of ball in ball mill, and improves the rationality of ball adding in ball mill. In order to realize the advanced, reliable and practical intelligent ball feeding system, an automatic ball feeding system with distributed control mode is designed. The control core is PLC, and the laser sensor and current transmitter are used as the detection components. The automatic detection, control and management of ball mill steel ball are realized by using frequency converter and governor as executive instruments. The lower computer adopts the industrial computer of Siemens S7-200 PLC, in Germany, and develops the monitoring system with the software of Kingview6.53 Kingview. The monitor interface is rich and visual, the operation is simple, and it has good control and monitoring function. The automatic control and remote information management of ball mill are realized. The system has good stability, high reliability and strong adaptability. Finally, the application test of the automatic ball feeding system is carried out, which further solves the problems of blocking and sticking ball in the automatic ball feeding system, realizes the accurate control of the steel ball mixing adding, and obtains satisfactory results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD453

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本文編號(hào)：2398806