【摘要】：基于厚煤層大采高開采條件下出現(xiàn)的支架壓架、煤壁片幫等問題,針對上述情況,本文以大同礦區(qū)晉華宮煤礦402盤區(qū)的大采高綜采工作面為研究背景,分別采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場實測等方法,對厚煤層大采高開采條件下頂板的活動規(guī)律及應力場分布特征進行了分析。(1)以晉華宮煤礦8210工作面地質為條件,運用數(shù)值模擬分別對厚煤層大采高開采條件下的頂板活動規(guī)律以及應力場分布特征進行了研究。不同采高對上覆巖層的破斷方式有影響,采高越大頂板關鍵層越容易發(fā)生滑落失穩(wěn),上覆巖層下沉量越大。頂板關鍵層破斷方式的不同,對采場應力場的分布特征有影響,當關鍵層以砌體梁結構破斷時,煤壁超前支承壓力峰值大于滑落失穩(wěn)時的煤壁超前支承壓力,峰值距煤壁距離小于滑落失穩(wěn)時峰值距煤壁的距離,采高越大,初次來壓時,關鍵層形成的應力拱高度越高。(2)以關鍵塊體破斷角α為變量,構建了大采高工作面支架與圍巖關系力學模型。對關鍵塊體滑落失穩(wěn)條件進行了分析,其它條件一定時,當α越小,關鍵塊體發(fā)生滑落失穩(wěn)的可能性越大,依據理論計算公式得到支架所需的支護阻力不小于12.65MN/架。并采用數(shù)值模擬的方法對煤壁片幫進行了研究,得到采高越大煤壁片幫的范圍越大。闡述了煤壁片幫機理,給出了煤壁片幫的防治措施:①提高支架性能、②改變塑性區(qū)煤體的物理力學性質、③通過外力破壞基本頂?shù)慕Y構。(3)依據理論計算出的支架阻力,考慮到厚煤層大采高條件下支架的適應能力,合理的對支架進行了選型,選取ZZ13000/28/60型支撐掩護式液壓支架為8210大采高綜采工作面的液壓支架。由于大同礦區(qū)晉華宮煤礦為堅硬頂板,以及8210工作面的地質和生產技術條件,確定該大采高工作面以自然垮落為主爆破為輔的手段來管理堅硬頂板。最后現(xiàn)場對液壓支架實測,分析了液壓支架的適應性,進一步驗證了合理支架的選型對厚煤層大采高開采條件下的重要性。
[Abstract]:Based on the problems of support pressure frame and coal wall cover under the condition of large mining height mining in thick coal seam, this paper takes the fully mechanized mining face of 402 disk area of Jinhuagong Coal Mine in Datong Mining area as the research background, and adopts the theoretical analysis respectively. The characteristics of roof movement and stress field distribution under the condition of large mining height in thick coal seam are analyzed by numerical simulation and field measurement. (1) the geology of 8210 face in Jinhuagong Coal Mine is taken as the condition. The law of roof movement and the distribution of stress field under the condition of large mining height in thick coal seam were studied by numerical simulation. The higher the mining height is, the more vulnerable the roof is to sliding and instability, and the larger the overlying rock subsidence is. When the key layer is broken by masonry beam structure, the peak value of coal wall leading support pressure is greater than the coal wall leading support pressure when sliding instability. The distance from the peak to the coal wall is less than the distance from the peak value to the coal wall when the slippage is unstable, and the higher the mining height, the higher the stress arch height of the key layer at the initial pressure. (2) the critical block breaking angle 偽 is taken as the variable. A mechanical model of the relationship between support and surrounding rock in large mining face is constructed. In this paper, the condition of the key block sliding instability is analyzed. When the other conditions are fixed, the probability of the key block sliding and losing stability is greater when the 偽 is smaller, and the support resistance required by the theoretical formula is not less than that of the 12.65MN/ frame. The method of numerical simulation is used to study the coal wall cover, and the result shows that the higher the mining height, the larger the range of coal wall cover. This paper expounds the mechanism of coal wall cover, and gives the preventive measures: (1) improving the performance of the support, (2) changing the physical and mechanical properties of the coal body in plastic zone, (3) destroying the structure of the basic roof by external force, (3) the support resistance calculated according to the theory, Considering the adaptability of the support under the condition of large mining height in thick coal seam, the type selection of the support is reasonable, and the ZZ13000/28/60 type support and cover type hydraulic support is selected as the hydraulic support in 8210 large mining height fully mechanized mining face. Because the Jinhuagong coal mine in Datong mining area is a hard roof and the geological and production technical conditions of the 8210 working face, it is determined that the main method of natural caving blasting is to manage the hard roof in this large mining face. Finally, the adaptability of the hydraulic support is analyzed, and the importance of the reasonable support selection to the mining condition of the thick coal seam is further verified.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD325;TD355

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