【摘要】：露天礦排土運輸存在理論上的最優(yōu)方案,但受限于剝離和排運復(fù)雜的實際情況,利用現(xiàn)有算法規(guī)劃的排運方案,既不能保證整個境界內(nèi)所有巖石的排運總費用最小,也不能確定境界內(nèi)每個待排巖石相應(yīng)的排土信息,難以被有效地運用在礦山實際的排土運輸中。本文以露天礦數(shù)字礦床模型為研究平臺,以剝離巖石塊體與排土場空置塊體的賦值運算為基本方法,以排土運輸總費用最小為目標,設(shè)計和研發(fā)了“剝-排對位算法”,對境界內(nèi)每個待排巖石的排土路線和排土位置進行優(yōu)化,對于通過科學(xué)計算指導(dǎo)排土計劃優(yōu)化,降低排土運輸成本,提高企業(yè)經(jīng)濟效益具有重要作用。本文以采場和排土場的塊體模型為研究基礎(chǔ),以排運總運費最小為目標,通過定義與假設(shè)若干條件,將總運費問題轉(zhuǎn)化為求解最小總運距問題。以錐體模擬排土場排巖后的最終形態(tài),提出以塊體質(zhì)心點為錐體頂點的錐體排除法來確定當前排土場的若干可排位置;基于錐體排除法和整體運距最小原理,在全境界采剝計劃確定了剝離時空關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了搜索境界內(nèi)所有塊體最小運距的“露天礦剝-排對位算法”。該算法的設(shè)計思路是將境界內(nèi)每個原位塊體按采剝順序依次確定為目標塊體,通過錐體排除法確定該目標塊體在排土場若干可排位置,運用整體運距最小原理從若干可排位置中確定該目標塊體的最優(yōu)排土位置。本文基于“露天礦剝-排運對位算法”編制的計算機程序,對汽車運輸排土和汽車-膠帶混合運輸排土兩種類型的露天礦進行了最小運距逐年排土計劃的解算,解算結(jié)果通過3DMine礦業(yè)軟件可實現(xiàn)排運規(guī)劃的三維可視化,并證明了解算結(jié)果的有效性和實用性。
[Abstract]:There is a theoretical optimal scheme for dumping transportation in open-pit mines, but limited by the complicated actual situation of stripping and discharging, the total cost of all rocks in the whole boundary can not be guaranteed to be minimized by using the existing algorithm. It is also impossible to determine the corresponding information of each rock to be discharged in the boundary, so it is difficult to be effectively used in the actual dumping transportation of mines. Based on the digital deposit model of opencast mine, this paper designs and develops a "peeling-alignment algorithm" based on the evaluation operation of stripped rock block and empty block in the dump, with the aim of minimizing the total cost of dumping transportation. The optimization of the drainage route and location of each rock to be discharged in the boundary is of great importance for guiding the optimization of the dumping plan by scientific calculation, reducing the transportation cost and improving the economic benefit of the enterprise. On the basis of block model of stope and dump, this paper takes the minimum total transportation cost as the goal, by defining and assuming some conditions, the problem of total freight is transformed into solving the problem of minimum total transportation distance. By using the cone to simulate the final shape of the discharged rock in the dump, a cone exclusion method with the core of the block as the apex of the cone is proposed to determine some rechargeable positions of the current dump. Based on the conical exclusion method and the principle of minimum total transportation distance, based on the determination of the space-time relationship of stripping in the whole boundary mining plan, an "opencast mine stripping and displacing algorithm" is established to search the minimum transport distance of all blocks in the boundary. The design idea of the algorithm is to determine each in-situ block in the boundary as the target block in the order of mining and stripping, and to determine the displacement position of the target block in the dump by the cone exclusion method. The optimal displacement position of the target block is determined by using the principle of minimum overall transportation distance from a number of deployable positions. Based on the computer program of "opencast mine stripping and displacement matching algorithm", this paper calculates the minimum transportation distance year by year for two types of open pit mine, automobile transport dump and automobile belt mixed transport dump. The results can be visualized by 3DMine mining software, and the validity and practicability of solving the results are proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD57

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