綜放工作面難放頂煤架間定向水力壓裂技術研究
[Abstract]:In this paper, when mechanized caving coal mining is carried out in thick and hard coal seam, it is difficult to break the top coal, even though it is broken but the falling block is too big, it is difficult to release, which directly affects the practical problem of the recovery rate of top coal. Through extensive practical investigation and field observation, it is put forward to use the technology of directional hydraulic fracturing between shelves to weaken the difficult caving coal, so as to increase the recovery rate of top coal in fully mechanized caving face. In Luzigou coal mine and Tiebei coal mine, the "short cantilever beam" structure is found to exist in hard and hard caving coal by using the non-contact displacement detection method of deep hole and the observation means of intelligent borehole television imaging technology. This kind of short cantilever beam structure has certain self-stability and the falling of lag working face is the key factor that affects the top coal caving. On this basis, the mechanical model of difficult top coal caving is established, and the limit thickness of short beam under the condition of pulling and shearing is deduced theoretically, which lays a theoretical foundation for determining the spacing of section cut slot in hydraulic fracturing. According to the maximum tensile stress criterion of elastic mechanics, the starting pressure and location of hydraulic crack initiation mechanical model of non-slotted and slotted boreholes are obtained theoretically in this paper. At the same time, ABAQUS numerical simulation method is used to compare and analyze the stress distribution around the uncut boreholes and grooved boreholes at different angles. At the cutting tip of slotted boreholes, the crack propagation is divided into three stages, I. e., initiation stage, near-field crack propagation stage and far-field crack propagation stage. The crack propagation criterion expressed by flow rate in each stage is derived. The termination radius of type I crack propagation is obtained. In practice, the spread area distribution of hydraulic fractures in directional hydraulic fracturing is detected by using electromagnetic wave CT tomography technique, which provides a reference for the determination of borehole spacing. Finally, according to the specific occurrence conditions of coal seam in Tiebei coal mine and the parameters obtained by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the interframe directional hydraulic fracturing technique is used to weaken the difficult top caving coal. The industrial practice results show that the top coal energy of Tiebei coal mine follows with the mining, and the crushing degree is moderate, the coal drawing is smooth, and the recovery rate of top coal in the working face is greatly improved. Interframe directional hydraulic fracturing is an effective technical way to weaken hard top coal caving, and has extensive practical value.
【學位授予單位】:煤炭科學研究總院
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TD823.49
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