【摘要】：由于市場的特殊需求，衍生出一種俗稱“寬體車”的非公路自卸車，它采用礦用車偏置式駕駛室和自卸車動力傳動系統(tǒng)，是在公路自卸車的基礎上通過加強車架，加寬底盤以及匹配大動率的發(fā)動機等措施提升其工作效率。 寬體車具有一次性裝載量大，能適應惡劣的工況、運輸相率高、盈利性好等優(yōu)點。它一般作業(yè)于露天礦山、水利水電等大型建設項目，運輸路面崎嶇不平、路況惡劣和嚴重的超載對于車輛的承載性、行駛性、通過性和安全性有很高的要求。 車架作為該型寬體自卸車的重要組成部分，是傳動系統(tǒng)、駕駛室、貨箱等各種重要組成部件的安裝基體，并且承受來自道路的各種復雜載荷的作用。在工程作業(yè)中，為了在短時間獲取最大的經濟利益，寬體車的運營多采取多拉快跑的模式。在運行中，，車架在承受沖擊載荷、扭轉載荷和交變載荷等作用下，車架受力復雜多變。因此，該型寬體自卸車要有足夠的彎曲強度、適當的扭轉強度及一定的抗疲勞能力。 本文以寬體車車架為研究對象，利用三維制圖軟件Pro/E對其進行幾何建模，然后導入HyperMesh對其進行前處理并建立了整個車架結構的有限元建模，將生成的有限元模型導入到ANSYS中進行車架強度分析與研究。根據實際的工作環(huán)境，強度分析的工況包括：滿載工況、舉升工況、前輪越障工況、前輪沉陷工況和中輪越障工況。分析車架在典型工況下的應力分布情況，找出車架的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)及潛在的危險位置，為電測試驗的測點和改進車架局部結構提供理論依據。并選取典型的兩種工況分析前板簧剛度對車架應力分布和變形的影響。 另外，對車架進行靜態(tài)加載試驗測試和礦區(qū)動態(tài)測試，為有限元提供實踐依據并驗證有限元計算模型的準確性。通過試驗得出車架在不同工況下的各測點的應力大小和車架在礦區(qū)路面行駛的應力變化情況。
[Abstract]:Due to the special needs of the market, a kind of off-road dump truck, commonly known as "wide body truck", is derived. It uses the bias cab of mine car and the power transmission system of dump truck, and strengthens the frame of the truck on the basis of road dump truck. Widen the chassis and match the engine with high mobility to improve its working efficiency. The wide-body car has the advantages of large one-time loading capacity, can adapt to bad working conditions, high phase ratio of transportation, good profitability and so on. It generally works in open-pit mines, water conservancy and hydropower projects and other large-scale construction projects, transportation road surface is rugged, bad road conditions and serious overload of vehicles for the bearing, driving, passing and safety have very high requirements. As an important part of this type of wide-body dump truck, the frame is the installation matrix of various important components, such as transmission system, cab, cargo box, and so on, and bears various complex loads from the road. In engineering operation, in order to obtain the maximum economic benefit in a short time, the operation of wide body car adopts Dora fast running mode. In operation, under the action of impact load, torsional load and alternating load, the force of the frame is complex and changeable. Therefore, the wide body dump truck should have sufficient bending strength, proper torsional strength and fatigue resistance. This paper takes the wide body frame as the research object, uses the 3D drawing software Pro/E to carry on the geometry modeling, then imports the HyperMesh to carry on the pre-processing to it and establishes the finite element modeling of the whole frame structure. The generated finite element model is introduced into ANSYS to analyze and study the frame strength. According to the actual working environment, the working conditions of strength analysis include: full load condition, lifting condition, front wheel obstacle surmounting condition, front wheel sinking condition and medium wheel surmounting condition. This paper analyzes the stress distribution of the frame under typical working conditions, finds out the weak link and the potential dangerous position of the frame, and provides the theoretical basis for the measurement point of the electric test and the improvement of the local structure of the frame. The influence of the stiffness of front leaf spring on the stress distribution and deformation of the frame is analyzed in two typical working conditions. In addition, the static loading test and mining dynamic test of the frame provide practical basis for the finite element method and verify the accuracy of the finite element calculation model. The stress of each measuring point of the frame under different working conditions and the stress variation of the frame running on the road surface of the mining area are obtained through the test.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD562.1

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 黃建程;;一種礦用自卸寬體車車架結構的設計[J];裝備制造技術;2011年09期

2 張文明 ,楊耀東;非公路自卸汽車[J];金屬世界;2003年06期

3 馬迅,盛勇生;車架剛度及模態(tài)的有限元分析與優(yōu)化[J];客車技術與研究;2004年04期

4 楊玨,張文明,王國彪,劉肇飛;礦用汽車車架的強度分析[J];礦山機械;2003年09期

5 黃超群;來飛;胡玉梅;;重型貨車車架縱梁靜動強度分析[J];煤礦機械;2010年04期

6 孫博;胡順安;周俊;趙世來;任相廣;;國內非公路礦用自卸車發(fā)展現狀研究[J];煤礦機械;2010年08期

7 陳龍,周孔亢,薛念文,周國新;農用運輸車車架載荷研究[J];農業(yè)工程學報;2001年03期

8 陳娜娜;;大型礦用自卸車車架結構有限元建模研究[J];科學技術與工程;2015年01期

9 李德信,呂江濤,應錦春;SX360自卸車車架異常斷裂原因分析[J];汽車工程;2002年04期

10 尹輝俊;黃貴東;黃昶春;韋志林;沈光烈;;重型自卸車車架早期斷裂原因的研究[J];汽車工程;2006年12期

本文編號：2385801