【摘要】：為解決厚煤層切頂卸壓自動成巷碎石幫控制難題,采用力學分析、數(shù)值模擬和工程試驗相結(jié)合的研究方法,對厚煤層切頂成巷碎石幫變形機制和控制技術(shù)進行深入研究。通過建立動力學模型,探索成巷過程中矸體沖擊的采高效應,明確厚煤層碎石幫變形受力機制和控制重點,進而提出動壓防沖、緩壓讓位和恒壓穩(wěn)控的多層次控制思路。研究表明,采高增大后,空區(qū)矸體作用在擋矸結(jié)構(gòu)上的沖擊力和沖擊能均會增加,從而形成了擋矸結(jié)構(gòu)橫向彎曲的啟動條件,在頂板下壓和側(cè)向擠壓作用下產(chǎn)生大變形,造成傳統(tǒng)擋矸結(jié)構(gòu)失效;工作面架后6 m范圍內(nèi)為主要沖擊區(qū),架設自移式動壓防沖結(jié)構(gòu)可將擋矸結(jié)構(gòu)的個體受沖轉(zhuǎn)換為集體承壓,有助于耗散沖擊能;矸體壓實階段為緩壓過程,提出采用抗彎性更強的滑移式讓位護幫結(jié)構(gòu)。室內(nèi)承載試驗表明,該結(jié)構(gòu)可保持恒載力實現(xiàn)與圍巖協(xié)同變形,從而降低損壞率;為進一步提高碎石幫整體穩(wěn)定性,設計制造波式多阻護幫結(jié)構(gòu),現(xiàn)場拉拔試驗表明該結(jié)構(gòu)性能滿足支護要求,滯后工作面越遠,固幫效果越顯著�，F(xiàn)場監(jiān)測結(jié)果表明,新技術(shù)下圍巖變形得到有效控制,碎石幫變形降低了約72%,擋矸結(jié)構(gòu)損壞率降低了約85%,不僅解決了厚煤層切頂成巷碎石幫難控問題,且經(jīng)濟效益顯著。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of gravel side control of automatic roadway in thick coal seam, the deformation mechanism and control technology of crushed stone side in thick seam roof cutting roadway were studied by means of mechanical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering test. The dynamic model is established to explore the mining height effect of gangue body impact in the course of roadway formation, and the stress mechanism and control focus of thick coal seam crushed stone side deformation are clarified, and then the multi-level control thought of dynamic pressure anti-flushing, slow pressure displacement and constant pressure stability control is put forward. The results show that when the mining height increases, the impact force and impact energy of the gangue body acting on the gangue structure will increase, thus forming the starting condition of transverse bending of the gangue retaining structure, resulting in large deformation under the action of roof pressure and lateral extrusion. The failure of the traditional gangue retaining structure; The main impact area is within 6 m behind the frame of the working face, and the self-moving dynamic pressure anti-scouring structure can be used to transform the individual flushing of the gangue structure into collective bearing pressure, which is helpful to dissipate the impact energy. The gangue body compaction stage is a slow compression process. The indoor loading test shows that the structure can maintain the dead load force and realize the synergistic deformation with the surrounding rock, thus reducing the damage rate. In order to further improve the overall stability of the gravel side, the wave-type multi-resistance protection cover structure is designed and manufactured. The field drawing test shows that the performance of the structure meets the requirements of support, and the farther the working face is lag, the more remarkable the effect of fixing the slope is. The results of field monitoring show that the deformation of surrounding rock is effectively controlled under the new technology, the deformation of gravel side is reduced by about 72%, and the damage rate of rock block structure is reduced by about 85%, which not only solves the problem of hard control of rock wall in roadway by cutting roof in thick coal seam, And the economic benefit is remarkable.
【作者單位】： 中國礦業(yè)大學(北京)深部巖土力學與地下工程國家重點實驗室;中國礦業(yè)大學(北京)力學與建筑工程學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(51674265,51404248,51304210)~~
【分類號】：TD322.5

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