【摘要】：端部放礦崩落采礦法應(yīng)用十分廣泛,但是損失貧化大是其突出的缺點(diǎn),如何降低損失貧化一直是采礦界研究的重點(diǎn)。以往的研究對(duì)象多是礦石放出體形態(tài)、結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和放礦管理,但是礦石損失貧化問題并沒有得到很好的解決,放礦過程中,礦石是在廢石包裹下放出的,廢石的混入是造成礦石貧化的直接原因,有必要以廢石為研究對(duì)象。本文以鞍鋼集團(tuán)礦業(yè)公司弓長(zhǎng)嶺礦業(yè)公司為工程背景,針對(duì)弓長(zhǎng)嶺井下鐵礦損失貧化大的特點(diǎn),對(duì)端部放礦廢石移動(dòng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行了深入研究。端部放礦的廢石混入情況非常復(fù)雜,來自頂部、正面、側(cè)面三方面,放礦過程中,它們各自形成頂部、正面、側(cè)面小漏斗,最終匯集成一個(gè)大漏斗。為了得到各方面的混入情況,本文提出采用拆分的方法研究各個(gè)小廢石漏斗獨(dú)立形成過程,采場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)廢石漏斗形成的影響最大,本文又進(jìn)行了不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)下廢石漏斗形成規(guī)律的實(shí)驗(yàn),得出以下結(jié)論:1、提出了廢石漏斗形成過程的一種拆分實(shí)驗(yàn)研究方法;2、分別進(jìn)行了大漏斗放礦和3次小漏斗拆分實(shí)驗(yàn),通過對(duì)比,頂部、正面、側(cè)面小漏斗廢石混入總和與大漏斗內(nèi)廢石混入結(jié)果相符,驗(yàn)證了把大廢石漏斗拆分成小廢石漏斗的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法是合理的;3、在目前崩落采礦法采場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)情況下,正面廢石最先到達(dá)放礦口,其次是側(cè)面,最后是頂部。整個(gè)廢石混入中,正面廢石混入占絕大部分;4、采場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)中,崩礦步距直接影響正面廢石混入,進(jìn)路間距影響側(cè)面廢石混入,分段高度影響頂部廢石的混入;5、目前大結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)方法,高分段結(jié)構(gòu)有利于延遲頂部廢石的混入,大間距能夠延遲側(cè)面廢石的混入,但由于崩礦步距的調(diào)整有限,正面廢石提前混入,并提前擊穿礦石流,大量的礦石都是以礦巖混雜的方式放出。因此,大結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)在礦石損失貧化方面效果不佳。
[Abstract]:The end drawing caving mining method is widely used, but the great loss and dilution is its outstanding shortcoming. How to reduce the loss dilution is always the focus of the mining industry. In the past, most of the objects of study were the shape of ore release body, structural parameters and ore drawing management, but the problem of ore loss and dilution was not well solved. In the process of ore drawing, the ore was released under the wrap of waste rock. The mixing of waste rock is the direct cause of ore dilution, so it is necessary to take waste rock as the object of study. In this paper, based on the engineering background of Gongchangling Mining Company of Angang Group Mining Co., aiming at the characteristics of large loss and dilution of iron ore in Gongchangling mine, the moving law of end-drawing waste rock is studied in depth. The mixing of the waste rock in the end drawing is very complicated, which comes from the top, the front and the side. During the drawing process, they form the top, the front, the side of the small funnel, and finally assemble into a big funnel. In order to get the mixed situation of various aspects, this paper puts forward the separate method to study the independent formation process of each small waste rock funnel, and the stope structure parameters have the greatest influence on the formation of the waste rock funnel. In this paper, the formation law of waste rock funnel under different structural parameters is tested, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1. A split experimental study method for the formation process of waste rock funnel is proposed; 2. Large funnel drawing and three small funnel splitting experiments were carried out respectively. By comparison, the summation of small funnel waste rock at the top, front and side is consistent with the results of the large funnel waste rock mixing. It is proved that the experimental method of separating the large waste rock funnel into small waste rock funnel is reasonable. 3. At present, under the condition of caving mining stope structure parameters, the front waste rock reaches the ore drawing opening first, then the side, and finally the top. In the whole waste rock mixing, the front waste rock mixing accounts for the majority; 4, in the stope structure parameter, the caving distance directly affects the front waste rock mixing, the approach distance affects the side waste rock mixing, and the section height affects the top waste rock mixing; 5. At present, the large structure parameter method, the high section structure is advantageous to delay the top waste rock mixing, the large spacing can delay the side waste stone mixing, but because of the caving step adjustment, the front waste rock mixes in ahead of time, and breaks through the ore flow ahead of time, A great deal of ore is released in a mixture of ore and rock. Therefore, large structural parameters are not effective in ore loss and dilution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD853.36

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