【摘要】：在我國(guó),隨著開(kāi)采力度的逐漸加大,高品位硫化銅礦資源越來(lái)越少。加強(qiáng)貧、細(xì)、雜銅礦石的選別技術(shù)研究,提高其資源的綜合利用效率,已經(jīng)成為今后我國(guó)對(duì)銅礦資源開(kāi)發(fā)利用的大趨勢(shì)。本論文主要對(duì)個(gè)舊難選銅錫多金屬硫化礦的原礦進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的工藝礦物學(xué)研究,包括多元素分析、物相分析,基于礦石性質(zhì),開(kāi)展具有針對(duì)性的銅礦浮選工藝研究。工藝礦物學(xué)研究表明礦樣中的主要元素為Ca、Fe、Al、Mg、Si、S、K、Cu、Sn等,其中主要有價(jià)元素為Sn和Cu,其含量分別為0.38%和0.46%。礦樣共由31種礦物組成,其中,金屬硫化物主要為磁黃鐵礦、黃鐵礦、毒砂和黃銅礦,另有少量黃錫礦、閃鋅礦、銅藍(lán)和輝鉍礦;金屬氧化物主要為赤(褐)鐵礦,其次為錫石,偶見(jiàn)有少量磁鐵礦;脈石礦物以碳酸鹽、石英和硅酸鹽礦物為主,包括石英、方解石、透輝石、云母、正長(zhǎng)石、白云石、鐵輝石、硅鈣石、鈣鈉斜長(zhǎng)石、鈣長(zhǎng)石、紅簾石、透閃石、鐵鋁榴石、符山石、電氣石、榍石等。含銅礦物有黃銅礦、銅藍(lán)和黃錫礦3種。Cu主要以黃銅礦的形式存在,銅在其中的分配率達(dá)到93.49%;而銅在黃錫礦和銅藍(lán)中的分配率分別僅為3.53%和2.98%。根據(jù)礦石性質(zhì)對(duì)于硫化物的回收采用浮選方法進(jìn)行回收,再采用銅硫分離產(chǎn)出銅精礦。將磨礦細(xì)度定于-74μm占比達(dá)55%,在此條件下進(jìn)行硫化物浮選作業(yè)。確定硅酸鈉的最佳用量定在800g/t,捕收劑宜選異戊基黃藥和Z-200的組合,試驗(yàn)確定Z-200用量為120g/t,戊基黃藥用量為120g/t,獲得了銅粗精礦礦品位為2.09%,回收率達(dá)87.97的良好指標(biāo)。對(duì)粗精礦進(jìn)行再磨作業(yè)試驗(yàn)采用棒磨機(jī)進(jìn)行銅粗精礦再磨作業(yè),尋找合適的磨礦細(xì)度,以使得精選時(shí)獲得更佳的分離與富集效果,調(diào)節(jié)石灰用量,確定礦漿pH值為10時(shí),精礦中銅品位和回收率指標(biāo)較為理想。通過(guò)一粗兩精兩掃中礦順序返回的閉路試驗(yàn)流程,得到的銅精礦品位為14.02%、回收率為80.91%。通過(guò)對(duì)原礦進(jìn)行細(xì)致的工藝礦物學(xué)研究及相究及相關(guān)試驗(yàn)研究對(duì)類似資源的選別利用提供了參考和依據(jù),對(duì)選廠進(jìn)行多金屬硫化礦的綜合利用具有重要的實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:In China, with the gradual increase of mining, high-grade copper sulfide resources are less and less. It has become a major trend of copper resources development and utilization in China in the future to strengthen the research on the separation technology of poor, fine and miscellaneous copper ores and to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of their resources. In this paper, the ore of Gejiu refractory copper-tin polymetallic sulphide ore was studied in detail, including multielement analysis, phase analysis and flotation process research based on ore properties. The technological mineralogical study shows that the main elements in the ore sample are Ca,Fe,Al,Mg,Si,S,K,Cu,Sn et al, and the main valuable elements are Sn and Cu, the contents of which are 0.38% and 0.46%, respectively. The mineral samples are composed of 31 kinds of minerals, among which the metallic sulfides are mainly pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite, and there are a small amount of yellow tin, sphalerite, copper-blue and bismuth. The main metal oxides are red (brown) iron, followed by cassiterite, and occasionally a small amount of magnetite. The gangue minerals are mainly carbonate, quartz and silicate minerals, including quartz, calcite, diopside, mica, orthoclase, dolomite, ferroxene, silicalite, calcium sodium plagioclase, calcium feldspar, red curtain, tremolite, iron aluminite, etc. Fushan stone, tourmaline, sphene, etc. There are three kinds of copper-bearing minerals: chalcopyrite, copper blue and tin ore. Cu mainly exists in the form of chalcopyrite, in which the distribution rate of copper is 93.49%, while the distribution rate of copper in tin ore and copper blue is only 3.53% and 2.98%, respectively. Flotation method is used to recover sulphide according to ore properties, and copper concentrate is separated by copper and sulfur. The grinding fineness was set at -74 渭 m to occupy Prida 55, and the sulphide flotation was carried out under this condition. The optimum dosage of sodium silicate was determined to be 800g / t, and the combination of isopentyl xanthate and Z-200 was chosen as the collector. The experimental results showed that the dosage of Z-200 was 120g / t, the dosage of pentyl xanthate was 120g / t, and the grade of coarse copper concentrate was 2.09g / t. The recovery rate was 87.97. The experiment of regrinding coarse concentrate using rod mill to find suitable grinding fineness in order to obtain better separation and enrichment effect, adjust lime dosage, and determine the pH value of pulp is 10:00. The copper grade and recovery rate in concentrate are ideal. Through the closed-circuit test flow of one coarse, two fine and two sweeping intermediate ores, the copper concentrate grade is 14.02 and the recovery rate is 80.910.The results show that the copper concentrate grade is 14.02 and the recovery rate is 80.91%. The detailed process mineralogical study and related experimental study of raw ore provide reference and basis for the separation and utilization of similar resources. It is of great practical significance for the comprehensive utilization of polymetallic sulphide ore in the separation plant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD952;TD923

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