【摘要】：在我國，一級(jí)能源和燃料的使用中，煤炭占據(jù)了很大比例。我國人民群眾生活水平質(zhì)量、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平和和諧社會(huì)的發(fā)展都與煤炭的安全高效生產(chǎn)具有十分緊密的關(guān)系。我國的煤炭資源大部分都深埋于地下，需要進(jìn)行地下井工開采，但由于地質(zhì)條件情況十分復(fù)雜，再加上現(xiàn)今的煤炭地下開采技術(shù)發(fā)展的緩慢以及礦上安全管理水平的落后，導(dǎo)致煤炭的開采成本高、難度大、且極具危險(xiǎn)性，從而煤礦事故時(shí)有發(fā)生。然而，煤礦安全“六大系統(tǒng)”的出現(xiàn)不僅很大程度上降低了礦井發(fā)生事故后的人員死亡率，而且對(duì)井下事故發(fā)生起了很好的預(yù)警作用。 煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”由下列六大部分組成：監(jiān)測(cè)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、人員定位系統(tǒng)、緊急避險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)、壓風(fēng)自救系統(tǒng)、供水施救系統(tǒng)和通信聯(lián)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。這六個(gè)系統(tǒng)并非獨(dú)立的子系統(tǒng)，而是緊密有機(jī)的聯(lián)系在一起形成一個(gè)整體的系統(tǒng)。 自煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”出現(xiàn)后，國內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者對(duì)其的設(shè)計(jì)、安裝、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、評(píng)價(jià)等作了很多研究，并且提出了很多新的研究方法。本文依據(jù)煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”自身的特點(diǎn)，建立了一種經(jīng)典的評(píng)價(jià)模型，即層次分析法—模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型。應(yīng)用其對(duì)整個(gè)煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”的系統(tǒng)安全可靠性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。參照世界發(fā)達(dá)國家以及我國對(duì)煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”完整性研究、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化評(píng)分方法和各類安裝、使用、維護(hù)要求，，本文避免了傳統(tǒng)的安全檢查表扣分后只得到“合格”或者“不合格”的兩種結(jié)果，將煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”的可靠性的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果化分為以下五個(gè)等級(jí)：Ⅰ級(jí)非�？煽俊ⅱ蚣�(jí)比較可靠、Ⅲ級(jí)一般、Ⅳ級(jí)不太可靠、Ⅴ級(jí)很不可靠。 本文針對(duì)煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”可靠性建立的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系中共包含兩層指標(biāo)。第一層指標(biāo)為事前預(yù)防系統(tǒng)（其中包括：監(jiān)測(cè)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、人員定位系統(tǒng)、通信聯(lián)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)）；事后救援系統(tǒng)（包括：壓風(fēng)自救系統(tǒng)、供水施救系統(tǒng)、緊急避險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)）共六個(gè)；第二層指標(biāo)為第一層指標(biāo)（煤礦安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”）下的六個(gè)子系統(tǒng)共34個(gè)。應(yīng)用層次分析法分別來確定各指標(biāo)的權(quán)重值，并且結(jié)合模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)理論，利用上述所建立的層次分析法-模糊綜合法評(píng)價(jià)模型對(duì)山西某集團(tuán)國有大型煤礦進(jìn)行實(shí)際評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:In China, coal accounts for a large proportion of primary energy and fuel use. The quality of life, the level of social economy and the development of harmonious society are closely related to the safe and efficient production of coal. Most of the coal resources in our country are buried underground, which requires underground mining. However, due to the very complicated geological conditions and the slow development of underground coal mining technology, the level of safety management is backward. As a result, coal mining cost is high, difficult, and extremely dangerous, thus coal mine accidents occur from time to time. However, the emergence of "six systems" of coal mine safety not only reduces the mortality rate of people after mine accidents to a great extent, but also plays a very good role in early warning of underground accidents. The "six systems" are composed of the following six parts: monitoring and monitoring system, personnel positioning system, emergency shelter system, air pressure rescue system, water supply rescue system and communication system. These six systems are not independent subsystems, but closely linked together to form a whole system. Since the emergence of "six systems" for coal mine safety and risk avoidance, experts and scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on its design, installation, quality standardization and evaluation, and put forward many new research methods. According to the characteristics of "six systems" in coal mine safety and risk avoidance, a classical evaluation model, that is, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) -fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, is established in this paper. It is used to evaluate the safety and reliability of the six systems. Referring to the research on the integrity of the "six systems" of coal mine safety and avoidance in developed countries and China, the quality standardization scoring method and the requirements for installation, use and maintenance of all kinds of coal mines, This paper avoids the two results of "qualified" or "unqualified" after deducting points from traditional safety inspection forms, and classifies the reliability evaluation results of "six major systems" of coal mine safety and hedge into the following five grades: grade I is very reliable. Grade 鈪

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