【摘要】：我國(guó)的煤炭資源儲(chǔ)量豐富,且多數(shù)在地表以下,截至2012年,我國(guó)90.7%的煤礦都是來自地下開采。由于我國(guó)地下煤層分布復(fù)雜,作為機(jī)械化綜采關(guān)鍵設(shè)備的懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī),在井下截割工作時(shí)常會(huì)遇到半煤巖或硬巖,復(fù)雜多變的工作載荷會(huì)對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)造成循環(huán)的壓力沖擊。此外,由于整機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)功率大,在啟動(dòng)及執(zhí)行元件工況轉(zhuǎn)變過程中,也不可避免的使液壓系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生壓力沖擊與速度波動(dòng),相應(yīng)的管道及元件會(huì)產(chǎn)生高頻小幅振動(dòng)。瞬時(shí)的壓力沖擊往往對(duì)液壓元件造成損傷,元件高頻小幅振動(dòng)會(huì)加劇系統(tǒng)泄漏,也會(huì)降低元件的使用壽命,從而影響液壓系統(tǒng)工作可靠性而給安全生產(chǎn)帶來隱患。對(duì)于懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)這類液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)下的大功率機(jī)械系統(tǒng),傳統(tǒng)的研究方法是將其劃分為機(jī)械、液壓兩個(gè)子系統(tǒng)分別進(jìn)行研究,二者的相互影響通過定義信號(hào)方式加以模擬,科學(xué)性和準(zhǔn)確性均無法保證。本文首先對(duì)懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)組成、液壓系統(tǒng)原理做了簡(jiǎn)要介紹。接著,在動(dòng)力學(xué)分析基礎(chǔ)上,利用CATIA建立懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)三維模型,并利用LMS Virtual.Lab Motion軟件將三維模型導(dǎo)入,經(jīng)簡(jiǎn)化后建立整機(jī)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并仿真模擬其兩個(gè)工作循環(huán),繪制截割頭運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡曲線。然后,在基于液壓系統(tǒng)理論分析基礎(chǔ)上,利用AMESim軟件對(duì)懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)的工裝回路進(jìn)行仿真研究,并針對(duì)系統(tǒng)中核心元件負(fù)載敏感變量泵做了詳細(xì)建模,分析了其流量與壓力控制特性。最后,基于AMESim仿真平臺(tái),在懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)液壓仿真框架內(nèi),設(shè)置接口程序調(diào)入掘進(jìn)機(jī)整機(jī)LMS Virtual.Lab Motion動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,從而將二者整合為機(jī)液結(jié)合的掘進(jìn)機(jī)一體化仿真模型。對(duì)特定工況下模型輸出特性趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了分析,并借助平衡狀態(tài)下的仿真輸出對(duì)結(jié)果對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。在此基礎(chǔ)上,模擬掘進(jìn)機(jī)實(shí)際工況下的作業(yè)過程,以仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)為手段對(duì)懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)工裝回路工作特性進(jìn)行研究,并根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果對(duì)工裝液壓系統(tǒng)加以改進(jìn)。使截割臂升降油缸的速度峰值下降了16.7%,速度波動(dòng)時(shí)間下降了40.3%,截割臂升降油缸的載荷峰值下降了5.4%,載荷波動(dòng)時(shí)間下降了39.4%。上述研究結(jié)果表明,對(duì)懸臂式掘進(jìn)機(jī)借助機(jī)械多體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論和液壓技術(shù)進(jìn)行機(jī)液一體化建模現(xiàn)實(shí)可行,這種基于機(jī)液一體化建模仿真的方法對(duì)其它大功率機(jī)液一體化系統(tǒng)研究具有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:China is rich in coal resources, and most of them are below the surface. Up to 2012, 90.7% of the coal mines in China come from underground mining. Because of the complex distribution of underground coal seams in our country, the cantilever roadheader, which is the key equipment of mechanized fully mechanized mining, will often encounter semi-coal or hard rock in the underground cutting work, and the complicated and changeable working load will cause cyclic pressure impact on the hydraulic system. In addition, due to the large driving power of the whole machine, the pressure shock and velocity fluctuation of the hydraulic system will inevitably occur in the process of changing the operating conditions of the starting and executing components, and the corresponding pipes and components will produce high frequency and small vibration. The instantaneous pressure shock often causes damage to the hydraulic components. The high frequency and small vibration of the components will aggravate the leakage of the system, reduce the service life of the components, thus affect the working reliability of the hydraulic system and bring hidden trouble to the safety production. For the high-power mechanical system driven by cantilever roadheader, the traditional research method is to divide it into machinery, and the two subsystems are studied separately, and the interaction between them is simulated by defining the signal method. Neither science nor accuracy can be guaranteed. In this paper, the structure of cantilever roadheader and the principle of hydraulic system are introduced briefly. Then, on the basis of dynamic analysis, the three-dimensional model of cantilever roadheader is established by using CATIA, and the three-dimensional model is imported into the model by LMS Virtual.Lab Motion software. After simplification, the dynamic model of the whole machine is established, and its two working cycles are simulated. Draw the trajectory curve of cutting head. Then, based on the theoretical analysis of hydraulic system, the paper makes a simulation study on the tooling circuit of the cantilever roadheader by using AMESim software, and makes a detailed modeling for the load sensitive variable pump of the core component in the system. The flow and pressure control characteristics are analyzed. Finally, based on the AMESim simulation platform, in the framework of hydraulic simulation of the cantilever roadheader, the interface program is set up to transfer the LMS Virtual.Lab Motion dynamic model of the whole roadheader, and the two models are integrated into the integrated simulation model of the roadheader combined with the machine and liquid. The trend of the output characteristics of the model under specific conditions is analyzed, and the model is verified by the simulation output in the equilibrium state. On this basis, the operating process of roadheader under actual working conditions is simulated, and the working characteristics of the tooling circuit of cantilever roadheader are studied by means of simulation experiment, and the hydraulic system of tooling is improved according to the simulation results. The peak value of the cutting arm lift oil cylinder was reduced by 16.7m, the velocity fluctuation time decreased by 40.3%, the load peak value of the cutting arm lift oil cylinder decreased by 5.4%, and the load fluctuation time decreased by 39.4%. The results show that it is feasible to model the cantilever roadheader with the help of mechanical multi-body dynamics theory and hydraulic technology. The method of modeling and simulation based on the integration of machine and liquid has reference significance for the research of other high power integrated systems of machine and fluid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD421.5

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 汪勝陸;孟國(guó)營(yíng);田R，

本文編號(hào)：2331708