【摘要】：本文針對(duì)地下膠結(jié)充填采礦所面臨的需要積極尋求價(jià)格低廉、來(lái)源廣泛、性能優(yōu)良的充填材料作為水泥的替代品,降低膠結(jié)劑成本的難題,以鐵礦礦山地下充填料為研究對(duì)象,全固廢膠結(jié)充填料采取就近取材的原則,根據(jù)不同礦區(qū)尾礦及原材料的特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)了粉煤灰體系膠結(jié)充填料和鋼渣-礦渣體系膠結(jié)充填料兩種方案。并以礦渣-鋼渣-脫硫石膏膠結(jié)劑為基礎(chǔ),探討了礦渣在硫酸鹽激發(fā)下的水化機(jī)理和礦渣-鋼渣體系膠結(jié)劑固化重金屬的原理及效果。通過(guò)對(duì)礦渣-鋼渣-脫硫石膏膠凝體系和普通硅酸鹽水泥固化鉛進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,揭示其固化機(jī)理,特別是鉛在固化體中的賦存狀態(tài)對(duì)固化效果的影響,以及鉛離子的介入對(duì)C-S-H凝膠和鈣礬石晶體結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的影響。為利用礦渣-鋼渣體系充填用膠結(jié)劑對(duì)危險(xiǎn)固體廢棄物進(jìn)行地下安全充填填埋提供基礎(chǔ)研究和理論支撐。 其中粉煤灰體系充填料按粉煤灰75%、脫硫石膏10%、石灰15%,膠凝材料：尾礦為1：4,所制備的料漿流動(dòng)性良好,養(yǎng)護(hù)90天后抗壓強(qiáng)度最高為11.35MPa,固體廢棄物利用率達(dá)到97%。以鋼渣和尾砂為主要原料的膠結(jié)充填材料,當(dāng)鋼渣摻量為60%、礦渣摻量28%、脫硫石膏摻量12%時(shí),料漿流動(dòng)性能滿足自流型膠結(jié)充填的流動(dòng)性要求,充填體28d抗壓強(qiáng)度為4.09MPa,滿足礦山充填強(qiáng)度要求。按膠砂比1：4制備的充填體自由膨脹率為0.27%,后期趨于穩(wěn)定,有利于提高充填接頂率,28d抗壓強(qiáng)度為5.98MPa,滿足充填接頂強(qiáng)度要求。 論文綜合采用XRD、SEM、TG/DSC、IR、NMR等方法分析了在硫酸鹽的激發(fā)下礦渣的水化產(chǎn)物和水化機(jī)理,提出了礦渣水化的四個(gè)階段。鉛離子浸出試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明礦渣鋼渣膠凝材料對(duì)鉛離子有較普通硅酸鹽水泥更為良好的固化效果。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)礦渣-鋼渣膠凝體系更能激發(fā)Pb離子與Ca離子的置換作用,使鉛離子更容易被捕獲進(jìn)入C-S-H凝膠及鈣礬石的硅氧四面體網(wǎng)絡(luò)體中平衡電荷,或替換其晶格中的被捕獲的Ca離子,形成大量的含鉛鈣礬石、含鉛類沸石相、含鉛C-S-H和鉛鐵礬類((Pb,H+)(Al3+,Fe3+,Fe2+)3(SO42-, AsO43-)2(OH)6)等大分子復(fù)鹽沉淀從而固化鉛離子阻止其浸出。
[Abstract]:In view of the need of underground cemented filling mining, this paper actively seeks for the filling material with low price, wide source and excellent performance as a substitute for cement and reduces the cost of cementing agent. The underground filling material of iron mine is taken as the research object. According to the characteristics of tailings and raw materials of different mining areas, two schemes of fly ash system cemented filling material and steel slag system cemented filling material are designed. Based on slag, steel slag and desulphurization gypsum cementing agent, the hydration mechanism of slag under sulfate excitation and the principle and effect of solidifying heavy metal with slag steel slag system cementing agent were discussed. The solidification mechanism of slag, steel slag and desulphurized gypsum cementitious system and common Portland cement was studied, and the effect of the occurrence of lead in solidified body on the curing effect was revealed. And the influence of lead ion on the crystal structure of C-S-H gel and ettringite. It provides basic research and theoretical support for underground safe filling and landfill of hazardous solid waste by using cementing agent of slag and steel slag system. The filling material of fly ash system is 75% fly ash, 10% gypsum desulphurization, 15 lime, 15 cement material: 1: 4 tailings, the fluidity of the slurry prepared is good, the compressive strength is 11.35 MPA after 90 days of curing. The utilization rate of solid waste reached 97%. When steel slag and tailings are the main raw materials of cemented filling material, when the content of steel slag is 60, slag is 28m and desulphurization gypsum is 12, the fluidity of slurry can meet the fluidity requirement of self-flowing cemented filling. The compressive strength of the filling body is 4.09 MPA in 28 days, which meets the requirement of the filling strength in the mine. The free expansion rate of the filling body prepared at 1:4 is 0.27, which tends to be stable in the later stage, which is beneficial to the improvement of the filling rate, and the compressive strength of the filling body is 5.98 MPA in 28 days, which meets the requirement of the filling roof joint strength. In this paper, the hydration products and hydration mechanism of slag under sulfate excitation were analyzed synthetically by XRD,SEM,TG/DSC,IR,NMR method, and four stages of slag hydration were put forward. The results of lead ion leaching test show that slag steel slag cementitious material has better curing effect than common Portland cement. It is found that the slag / steel slag cementitious system can excite the substitution of Pb ion with Ca ion, and lead ion can be easily captured in the SiO2 tetrahedron network of C-S-H gel and ettringite. Or replace the trapped Ca ions in their lattice to form a large amount of lead-containing ettringite, lead-containing zeolites, lead-containing C-S-H and lead (Pb,H) (Al3, Fe3, Fe2) _ 3 (SO42-,) Macromolecules such as AsO43-) 2 (OH) 6) were precipitated by double salt to solidify lead ions to prevent their leaching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD853.343

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 祝麗萍;倪文;黃迪;惠美;高術(shù)杰;;粉煤灰全尾砂膠結(jié)充填料[J];北京科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年10期

2 王中杰;倪文;封金鵬;張磊;;粒度分布對(duì)大摻量礦渣、鋼渣膠凝體系抗壓強(qiáng)度影響的灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析[J];北京科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2012年05期

3 石青;;美國(guó)鋼鐵渣工業(yè)的發(fā)展概況——鋼鐵渣綜合利用考察報(bào)告[J];硅酸鹽建筑制品;1980年04期

4 藍(lán)俊康;丁凱;吳孟;劉寶劍;;鈣礬石對(duì)Pb(Ⅱ)的化學(xué)俘獲[J];桂林工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2009年04期

5 李書(shū)琴;劉利軍;阮啟坊;;石膏-礦渣膠結(jié)材料的水化機(jī)理研究[J];硅酸鹽通報(bào);2011年01期

6 崔素萍;郭紅霞;王辰;王子明;;納米無(wú)定形C-S-H凝膠顆粒及其結(jié)構(gòu)表征[J];硅酸鹽通報(bào);2012年03期

7 潘志華,方永浩,趙成朋,楊南如,于健,魯家喜;堿—礦渣—赤泥水泥的研究[J];硅酸鹽通報(bào);1999年03期

8 胡寧?kù)o;駱永明;黃朋;胡天斗;謝亞寧;吳自玉;石學(xué)法;;堿性土壤對(duì)Pb的吸附特性:內(nèi)圈吸附和形成沉淀的XAFS證據(jù)[J];光譜學(xué)與光譜分析;2011年02期

9 王兢;倪文;;幾種工業(yè)固體廢棄物加固氯鹽漬土的試驗(yàn)研究[J];中外公路;2011年04期

10 蔡嗣經(jīng);充填采礦技術(shù)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展方向──第六屆國(guó)際充填采礦大會(huì)述評(píng)[J];國(guó)外金屬礦山;1998年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 蘭明章;重金屬在水泥熟料煅燒和水泥水化過(guò)程中的行為研究[D];中國(guó)建筑材料科學(xué)研究總院;2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：2324458