【摘要】：礦用電機(jī)車是礦山運(yùn)輸?shù)闹匾ぞ?礦山運(yùn)輸工作環(huán)境惡劣,要求牽引電機(jī)起動(dòng)力矩大、過載能力強(qiáng)、能頻繁起制動(dòng)及安全可靠等。早期礦用電機(jī)車主要采用直流傳動(dòng),因其具有良好的調(diào)速特性,但直流傳動(dòng)存在直流電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、維護(hù)困難、效率低等不足;交流電動(dòng)機(jī)雖沒有上述缺點(diǎn),但因調(diào)速困難而未能在礦用電機(jī)車電傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中得到推廣應(yīng)用,直到目前隨著電力電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展及矢量控制等高性能交流調(diào)速控制策略的提出,使得交流調(diào)速的性能已達(dá)到或超過了直流調(diào)速,才實(shí)現(xiàn)了由直流調(diào)速向交流調(diào)速的過渡,目前礦用電機(jī)車已大多采用基于交流異步電機(jī)的變頻調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)。然而對于礦用電機(jī)車的應(yīng)用工況來說,交流異步電機(jī)雖然克服了直流電機(jī)存在的上述缺點(diǎn),但也存在起動(dòng)電流大、過載能力低及功率因素不高等不足,故仍然不夠理想。開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)(SRM)由于具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單堅(jiān)固、成本低、起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩大、起動(dòng)電流小和可靠性高等系列優(yōu)點(diǎn)而適合應(yīng)用于礦用電機(jī)車的電傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中。論文就開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)應(yīng)用于礦用電機(jī)車的相關(guān)控制方法展開研究。論文首先簡要介紹了礦用電機(jī)車的研究現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題,闡述了開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的基本特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,提出采用開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)應(yīng)用于礦用電機(jī)車電傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中,介紹了論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和主要內(nèi)容。接著介紹了SRM的基本結(jié)構(gòu)、電路方程、數(shù)學(xué)模型及SRM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的基本組成,闡述了SRM傳統(tǒng)控制方法的基本原理并進(jìn)行了對比分析,針對SRM存在轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)大的問題分析了原因,并結(jié)合礦用電機(jī)車的工況特點(diǎn),在礦用電機(jī)車SRM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中提出采用基于自適應(yīng)模糊PI控制的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制策略。針對上述基于自適應(yīng)模糊PI控制的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制控制策略的具體設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行研究,即以轉(zhuǎn)速控制作為控制外環(huán),采用自適應(yīng)模糊PI控制策略,而以轉(zhuǎn)矩控制作為控制內(nèi)環(huán),采用直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制策略,分別就控制內(nèi)環(huán)和外環(huán)的具體設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了理論分析和設(shè)計(jì)研究。構(gòu)建仿真模型,對上述控制策略的控制效果進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,同時(shí)與傳統(tǒng)控制方法進(jìn)行對比仿真分析,仿真結(jié)果證明了該控制策略的有效性和可行性。以某型號開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)為實(shí)驗(yàn)對象,以TMS320F2812為系統(tǒng)控制器設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的SRM調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。通過該實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置對上述理論研究作進(jìn)一步的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,并對相應(yīng)的控制算法進(jìn)行修正與完善,為實(shí)現(xiàn)開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)在礦用電機(jī)車電傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中的工程應(yīng)用提供參考。
[Abstract]:Mine electric locomotive is an important tool for mine transportation. The working environment of mine transportation is bad, which requires large starting torque of traction motor, strong overload capacity, frequent braking, safety and reliability, and so on. The early mine electric locomotives mainly used DC drive, because of its good speed regulation characteristics, but DC drive DC motor structure is complex, difficult to maintain, low efficiency and other shortcomings; Although the AC motor does not have the above disadvantages, it can not be popularized and applied in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive because of the difficulty of regulating speed. Until now, with the development of power electronics technology and the development of vector control, the high performance AC speed regulation control strategy has been put forward. The performance of AC speed regulation has reached or exceeded that of DC speed regulation, and the transition from DC speed regulation to AC speed regulation has been realized. At present, most mine electric locomotives have adopted frequency conversion speed control system based on AC asynchronous motor. However, for mine electric locomotives, although AC asynchronous motor overcomes the shortcomings of DC motor, it also has some shortcomings, such as large starting current, low overload capacity and low power factor, so it is still not ideal. The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, large starting torque, low starting current and high reliability, so it is suitable for the electric transmission system of mine electric locomotives. In this paper, the related control methods of switched reluctance motor applied to mine electric locomotive are studied. Firstly, the paper briefly introduces the research status and existing problems of mine electric locomotive, expounds the basic characteristics and development status of switched reluctance motor, and puts forward the application of switched reluctance motor in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive. The basic structure and main contents of this paper are introduced. Then the basic structure of SRM, circuit equation, mathematical model and the basic composition of SRM speed control system are introduced. The basic principle of traditional control method of SRM is expounded and compared and analyzed. The reasons for the problem of large torque ripple in SRM are analyzed. Combined with the characteristics of mine electric locomotive, a direct torque control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PI control is put forward in the SRM speed regulation system of mine electric locomotive. The specific design method of the direct torque control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PI control is studied, that is, the speed control is used as the outer loop, the adaptive fuzzy PI control strategy is adopted, and the torque control is used as the inner control loop. Using direct torque control (DTC) strategy, the design methods of inner loop and outer loop are analyzed and studied respectively. The simulation model is constructed and the control effect of the above control strategy is verified by simulation. At the same time, the control strategy is compared with the traditional control method. The simulation results show that the control strategy is effective and feasible. Taking a certain type of switched reluctance motor as the experimental object and TMS320F2812 as the system controller, the corresponding experimental device of the SRM speed regulating control system is designed. The experimental device is used to verify the above theoretical research, and the corresponding control algorithm is modified and perfected, which provides a reference for the engineering application of switched reluctance motor in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD634;TM352

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本文編號：2318697