【摘要】：近年來,隨著人類把鹽類礦物作為重要的工業(yè)原材料,對于巖鹽溶腔開采穩(wěn)定性開展的研究也越來越多,越來越深入。本文以昆明鹽礦項(xiàng)目為依托,采用物理力學(xué)試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬等方法研究溶腔垂直上溶50-100m的穩(wěn)定性,主要研究工作如下：(1)對研究區(qū)自然地理、經(jīng)濟(jì)地理、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、地層巖性、水文、工程、環(huán)境地質(zhì)等方面進(jìn)行資料收集與分析,初步了解研究區(qū)的區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景。通過工程,水文地質(zhì)勘察,工程地質(zhì)測繪,基本查明了研究區(qū)地層、構(gòu)造、地下水類型、含(隔)水層特征、地下水補(bǔ)、徑、排條件、工程地質(zhì)巖組、結(jié)構(gòu)面特征、環(huán)境地質(zhì)等。(2)通過對研究區(qū)各類巖土體的采樣、試驗(yàn)等工作,獲取了相關(guān)工程巖組的物理力學(xué)參數(shù)。結(jié)合溶腔開采方法和相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)對溶腔開采過程中溶腔可控性進(jìn)行研究,得出溶腔開采可控性的重要結(jié)論——溶腔形態(tài)可以通過生產(chǎn)過程中的人為調(diào)控克服礦體本身內(nèi)在因素對溶腔形態(tài)的影響,外部調(diào)控在溶腔形態(tài)發(fā)展中起著決定性作用。(3)基于溶腔所處的地質(zhì)環(huán)境——已知頂板厚度,且頂板巖層比較完整、強(qiáng)度較高、層理厚,以及巖體物理力學(xué)性質(zhì),對五種現(xiàn)有計(jì)算地下硐室頂板穩(wěn)定性公式進(jìn)行了比較,最后選擇了板梁理論來對溶腔開采穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算。(4)運(yùn)用ANSYS數(shù)值模擬軟件對溶腔上溶開采后溶腔的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行計(jì)算,綜合理論計(jì)算和數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,只要保證在向上垂直擴(kuò)溶過程中不發(fā)生側(cè)向擴(kuò)溶,保證礦柱的完整性和寬度不發(fā)生縮小,相鄰腔體不連通,以目前的礦柱尺寸向上垂直擴(kuò)溶50-100m后,溶腔頂板破壞的可能性小、礦柱發(fā)生整體破壞的可能性小,溶腔是穩(wěn)定的,擴(kuò)容是可行的。綜合預(yù)測腔體大規(guī)模連通情況下,地表移動(dòng)范圍為以井口為中心約400m半徑內(nèi)。此研究方法及結(jié)論可以推廣到類似的礦山開采研究中,具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as salt minerals are regarded as important industrial raw materials, more and more researches have been carried out on the stability of rock salt cavities mining. In this paper, based on Kunming Salt Mine Project, the stability of solution 50-100m on vertical solution cavity is studied by means of physical mechanics test and numerical simulation. The main research work is as follows: (1) physical geography, economic geography, geological structure, etc. The data of stratigraphic lithology, hydrology, engineering and environmental geology were collected and analyzed, and the regional geological background of the study area was preliminarily understood. By means of engineering, hydrogeological survey and engineering geological mapping, the strata, structures, types of groundwater, characteristics of water-bearing (separated) layers, groundwater recharge, diameter, discharge conditions, engineering geological rock formation, structural surface characteristics in the study area have been basically ascertained. Environmental geology and so on. (2) the physical and mechanical parameters of related engineering rock groups are obtained by sampling and testing of various rock and soil in the study area. The controllability of dissolved cavity in the process of cavity mining is studied by combining with the method of cavity mining and relevant data. The important conclusion of the controllability of cavities mining is that the cavities shape can overcome the influence of the internal factors of ore body on the cavity morphology through artificial control in the production process. External regulation plays a decisive role in the development of cavity morphology. (3) based on the geological environment in which the cavity is located-known roof thickness, and the relatively complete roof rock layer, high strength, bedding thickness, and the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass, Five existing formulas for calculating the roof stability of underground chambers are compared. Finally, the plate-beam theory is selected to calculate the stability of the cavities. (4) the stability of the cavities after the dissolution mining is calculated by using the ANSYS software, and the results of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation are synthesized. As long as there is no lateral expansion during the upward vertical expansion, the integrity and width of the pillar will not be reduced, and the adjacent cavities will not be connected. The possibility of roof failure is small, the possibility of pillar failure is small, the cavity is stable and the expansion is feasible. In the case of large scale connectivity of cavities, the range of surface movement is within a radius of about 400m centered on the wellhead. This research method and conclusion can be extended to similar mining research and has certain reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD327.2

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