【摘要】：采空區(qū)是地下礦山的一大安全隱患,采空區(qū)失穩(wěn)導(dǎo)致的地壓災(zāi)害既威脅生產(chǎn)安全,也影響礦石資源的充分回收。本文針對馬坑鐵礦中礦段采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性及殘礦回收問題,通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)查、理論分析結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬的研究方法,以典型復(fù)雜采空為例,研究了馬坑鐵礦中礦段采空區(qū)分布現(xiàn)狀、穩(wěn)定性狀況,得到采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性分級評價結(jié)果,提出采空區(qū)治理及殘礦回采建議。論文開展的主要研究如下:(1)通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和研究采空區(qū)現(xiàn)有圖紙、數(shù)據(jù)資料,對中礦段采空區(qū)的地質(zhì)水文特征、分布狀況、幾何參數(shù)、空間形態(tài)進行分析,掌握采空區(qū)分布現(xiàn)狀及工程環(huán)境;對影響采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的因素進行分析總結(jié),為理論分析做準備。(2)利用AHP法建立層次分析模型,對影響采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的多種因素進行單層次和多層次分析,得到影響因素權(quán)重排序;根據(jù)層次分析權(quán)重排序結(jié)果,選取對采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性影響較大的因素,采用FCE法構(gòu)建評價指標體系,建立模糊數(shù)學(xué)模型,對采空區(qū)進行二級模糊綜合評判,得到各采空區(qū)的穩(wěn)定性分級結(jié)果。(3)運用有限元數(shù)值計算程序ANSYS對典型采空區(qū),從靜力分析和動力分析兩方面進行數(shù)值模擬計算,通過分析采空區(qū)開挖前后圍巖應(yīng)力場,位移變化及塑性區(qū)分布,得到采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性結(jié)果,并模擬了礦柱回采過程中爆破震動作用對采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的影響;然后將此方法應(yīng)用于四塊段12個采空區(qū),計算結(jié)果與模糊綜合評價法對比,得到最終的采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性綜合評價結(jié)果。(4)在上述研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,將采空區(qū)分為A、B、C三類,提出分類治理方法和殘礦安全回采建議,以典型采空區(qū)為例制定了具體的礦柱回采和空區(qū)處理方案,并從技術(shù)經(jīng)濟上驗證了其可行性。
[Abstract]:Goaf is one of the hidden dangers in underground mine. The ground pressure disaster caused by the instability of goaf not only threatens the safety of production but also affects the full recovery of ore resources. In this paper, aiming at the problems of goaf stability and residual ore recovery in the middle section of Makeng Iron Mine, the present situation of goaf distribution in the middle section of Makeng Iron Mine is studied by field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, taking typical complex mining as an example. According to the stability of goaf, the classification evaluation results of goaf stability are obtained, and some suggestions on the treatment of goaf and the mining of residual ore are put forward. The main research in this paper is as follows: (1) through field investigation and research on the existing drawings and data of goaf, the geological and hydrological characteristics, distribution, geometric parameters and spatial form of goaf are analyzed. Grasp the current situation of goaf distribution and engineering environment; The factors affecting the stability of goaf are analyzed and summarized to prepare for the theoretical analysis. (2) using AHP method to establish the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model, and to analyze many factors affecting the stability of goaf by single level and multi-level analysis. The weight order of influencing factors is obtained. According to the weight ranking result of AHP, the factors which have a great influence on the stability of goaf are selected, the evaluation index system is constructed by FCE method, the fuzzy mathematical model is established, and the second-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of goaf is carried out. The stability classification results of each goaf are obtained. (3) the finite element numerical calculation program ANSYS is used to simulate and calculate the stress field of surrounding rock in the typical goaf from static analysis and dynamic analysis, and the stress field of surrounding rock before and after excavation is analyzed. The stability of goaf is obtained by displacement change and plastic zone distribution, and the effect of blasting vibration on the stability of goaf is simulated. Then the method is applied to 12 goaf areas in four blocks, and the calculated results are compared with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the final comprehensive evaluation results of goaf stability are obtained. (4) on the basis of the above research results, the goaf is divided into Agna B, Category C, the classified treatment method and the suggestion of safe mining of residual ore are put forward. Taking typical goaf as an example, the concrete project of pillar extraction and treatment of goaf is established, and the feasibility of this scheme is verified from the point of view of technology and economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD853.391

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