【摘要】：氣力提升作為一種新興技術,在礦漿提升、河道清淤、石油和化工液體輸送等領域中廣泛應用。其常規(guī)特性已得到較為深入的研究,但非均勻介質(zhì)的氣力提升理論涉獵較少。針對于此,本文提出采用氣力提升非均勻顆粒的構(gòu)想,從實驗角度入手,結(jié)合理論建模揭示其提升機理。為研究顆粒提升規(guī)律,根據(jù)牛頓第二定律和流體力學基本理論,建立了顆粒提升臨界模型,獲得臨界速度隨粒徑的變化趨勢。在此基礎上,根據(jù)動量守恒定律和多相流理論建立提升管內(nèi)氣液固三相流速度模型,分析管內(nèi)軸向壓力、各相相含率和真實速度的分布規(guī)律,從而得出氣、液、固三相折算速度的關系,進一步分析粒徑、顆粒濃度和浸入率等參數(shù)對提升性能的影響規(guī)律。此外,基于能量守恒定律建立提升效率模型,分析進氣量、浸入率和顆粒濃度等因素的相互作用機制及其對效率的影響規(guī)律。為驗證理論模型的可靠性,以粒徑為2mm和5mm的麥飯石陶瓷顆粒為介質(zhì),實驗研究不同進氣量QG、浸入率γ、粒徑dS、顆粒濃度αS和顆�；旌媳圈南�,揚水量QL、揚固量QS和提升效率η的變化規(guī)律。理論分析與實驗測試結(jié)果表明:臨界速度隨顆粒尺寸增大而增大,隨浸入率升高而減小。而在實驗中則發(fā)現(xiàn)臨界氣量值隨浸入率上升呈遞減趨勢,隨顆粒尺寸增大呈上升趨勢。揚固量和提升效率均隨浸入率升高而增高,隨粒徑增大而下降,存在最佳氣量值使得揚固量與提升效率處于峰值。揚固量隨顆粒濃度增加而上揚,但提升效率則與之相反。在恒定顆粒濃度下,揚固特性和提升效率隨混合比的增大(細顆粒含量增多)而上揚;粗顆粒受浸入率的影響較細顆粒大。理論分析與實驗結(jié)果相吻合。
[Abstract]:As a new technology, Pneumatic lifting is widely used in the fields of slurry lifting, river desilting, petroleum and chemical liquid transportation. The conventional characteristics have been deeply studied, but the pneumatic lifting theory of inhomogeneous medium is less. In this paper, the idea of lifting non-uniform particles with pneumatic force is put forward, and the lifting mechanism is revealed from the point of view of experiment and theoretical modeling. In order to study the law of particle lifting, according to Newton's second law and the basic theory of fluid mechanics, the critical model of particle lifting is established, and the variation trend of critical velocity with particle size is obtained. Based on the momentum conservation law and the multiphase flow theory, the velocity model of gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow in the riser is established, and the distribution of axial pressure, phase holdup and real velocity in the pipe are analyzed, and the gas and liquid are obtained. The effect of particle size, particle concentration and immersion rate on the lifting performance was analyzed. In addition, based on the law of conservation of energy, an efficiency model is established to analyze the interaction mechanism of air intake, immersion rate and particle concentration and its effect on efficiency. In order to verify the reliability of the theoretical model, the immersion ratio 緯 of QG, the concentration of dS, particles 偽 S and the mixing ratio 未 of dS, particles of different air intake were studied in the medium of Mailanshi ceramic particles with diameter of 2mm and 5mm. The variation law of QL, lift amount QS and lift efficiency 畏. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the critical velocity increases with the increase of particle size and decreases with the increase of immersion rate. In the experiment, it is found that the critical gas volume decreases with the increase of immersion rate and increases with the increase of particle size. Both the lifting rate and the lifting efficiency increased with the increase of the immersion rate and decreased with the increase of the particle size. The amount of lifting solid increased with the increase of particle concentration, but the efficiency was opposite. Under the constant particle concentration, the lifting characteristics and lifting efficiency increased with the increase of mixing ratio (the content of fine particles), and the influence of the infiltration rate of coarse particles was greater than that of fine particles. The theoretical analysis is in agreement with the experimental results.
【學位授予單位】：湖南工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD53

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