【摘要】：陜煤集團(tuán)紅柳林礦的低階煤是我國研究煤制油技術(shù)的主要煤種之一,其主要特點(diǎn)是低灰、低硫、低磷、反應(yīng)性好等。煤中的顯微組分對(duì)煤制油的油出率以及轉(zhuǎn)化率影響尤為重要。其中,殼質(zhì)組和鏡質(zhì)組是煤制油的活性組分,而惰質(zhì)組是煤制油的惰性組分。活性組分的提高,能有效率的提高煤制油的油出率和轉(zhuǎn)化率以及降低能耗。本課題從煤巖學(xué)角度出發(fā),通過有效的破碎和磨礦,使煤巖顯微組分充分解離,最后利用浮選的方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。本文首先采用手選、篩選、離心的方法獲得純度較高的鏡煤和絲炭,然后再分別對(duì)低階原煤、鏡煤、絲炭的組成結(jié)構(gòu)、煤巖特性進(jìn)行研究。借助煤巖顯微組分分析、X-射線衍射分析、掃描電鏡分析等現(xiàn)代分析測(cè)試手段分析發(fā)現(xiàn):原煤、鏡煤、絲炭在顯微組分含量方面具有較大的區(qū)別,性質(zhì)也存在一定的差異,特別是鏡煤和絲炭之間可浮性的差異。為使原煤中的煤巖顯微組分能夠解離,采用行星球磨機(jī)進(jìn)行研磨,并找到了適合此原煤的最佳磨礦條件是:轉(zhuǎn)速200 r/min,磨礦時(shí)間為10 min,球煤質(zhì)量比為15:1。在磨礦時(shí)間10 min時(shí),無論是從煤巖顯微組分的解離情況,還是從疏水性方面考慮,都比其他磨礦產(chǎn)品好,且磨礦后符合煤巖顯微組分分離的要求。通過單因素條件試驗(yàn)逐步探索出適合最佳磨礦產(chǎn)品的浮選最優(yōu)條件:礦漿濃度為60 g/L,浮選機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速為1800 r/min,充氣量為0.20 m3/h,捕收劑用量(柴油)為0.30 g/L,起泡劑用量為0.10 g/L,表面活性劑用量為0.18 g/L,最后再進(jìn)行正交試驗(yàn),尋找出最優(yōu)浮選方案。同時(shí)對(duì)表面活性劑的效果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)加入表面活性劑比沒有加入表面活性劑鏡質(zhì)組含量和惰質(zhì)組含量分別提高7.52%和6.23%,說明加入表面活性劑效果好。對(duì)低階煤的分選工藝進(jìn)行深入研究,結(jié)果表明:通過浮沉—浮選聯(lián)合流程鏡質(zhì)組和惰質(zhì)組的含量分別比原煤提高24.85%和23.47%;通過粗選一精選聯(lián)合浮選流程鏡質(zhì)組和惰質(zhì)組的含量分別比原煤提高23.81%和23.71%。這兩種分選流程都使煤巖顯微組分得到了一定的富集,效果較明顯。
[Abstract]:The low rank coal of Hongliulin Mine of Shaan Coal Group is one of the main coal types in China to study the technology of oil production from coal. Its main characteristics are low ash, low sulfur, low phosphorus and good reactivity. The effect of coal macerals on the oil yield and conversion rate is particularly important. Shell and vitrinite are the active components of coal oil, while inertinite is the inert component of coal oil. The increase of active component can effectively increase the oil yield and conversion rate of coal to oil and reduce energy consumption. From the point of view of coal petrology, through effective crushing and grinding, the macerals of coal and rock can be fully dissociated. Finally, the flotation method is used to study the separation of coal and rock macerals. In this paper, the high purity vitrinite and silk charcoal were obtained by hand selection, screening and centrifugation, and then the composition structure and coal rock characteristics of low rank raw coal, mirror coal and silk charcoal were studied respectively. By means of modern analysis and testing methods, such as coal and rock macerals analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope analysis and so on, it is found that raw coal, mirror coal and silk charcoal have great differences in maceral content, and some differences also exist in their properties. In particular, there is a difference in floatability between vitrinite and silk charcoal. In order to dissociate the macerals of coal and rock in raw coal, a planetary ball mill was used to grind the raw coal. The optimum grinding conditions for the raw coal were found as follows: rotation speed 200rmin, grinding time 10 min, ball coal mass ratio 15: 1. When the grinding time is 10 min, both the dissociation and hydrophobicity of coal and rock macerals are better than those of other grinding products, and the separation requirements of coal and rock macerals are met after grinding. The optimal flotation conditions for the best grinding products were gradually found through single-factor tests: pulp concentration of 60 g / L, speed of flotation machine at 1800 r / min, aeration rate of 0.20 m3 / h, collector dosage of 0.30 g / L, and foaming agent dosage of 0.10 g / L, respectively. G / L, the amount of surfactant is 0.18 g / L, and then we do the orthogonal test. To find out the best flotation scheme. The results show that the content of vitrinite and the content of inertinite are increased by 7.52% and 6.23%, respectively, which indicates that the effect of adding surfactant is good. The separation technology of low rank coal is studied. The results show that the contents of vitrinite and inertinite in floatation-flotation process are 24.85% and 23.47% higher than those in raw coal, and 23.81% and 23.71% higher than that of raw coal in vitrinite group and inertinite group respectively. These two separation processes have enriched the macerals of coal and rock to a certain extent, and the effect is obvious.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD94

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本文編號(hào)：2275567