【摘要】：乳化液泵是煤礦綜采裝備中極為重要的動力源，其工作的穩(wěn)定性、連續(xù)性、高效性是提高煤炭產(chǎn)量、保障安全生產(chǎn)及改善收益結(jié)構(gòu)的根本要素。乳化液泵配流系統(tǒng)的性能優(yōu)劣直接決定了整個乳化液泵站的工作效率。因此，為了提高乳化液泵的綜合性能，本論文利用虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)對乳化液泵的配流系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了較為全面的研究，為配流閥的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計及特性優(yōu)化提供了指導(dǎo)方向及改進(jìn)方法。 本論文首先在考慮配流閥滯后及氣穴現(xiàn)象等因素的基礎(chǔ)上，對乳化液泵機(jī)構(gòu)的運動學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了闡述，建立了單個柱塞腔的理想及實際流量模型及壓力模型。 然后，運用AMESim模擬得到了配流系統(tǒng)的運動特性，并著重分析了乳化液泵流量波動及壓力沖擊等現(xiàn)象。分析表明：在乳化液泵吸液初期及排液末期，柱塞腔出現(xiàn)了約為-0.2MPa的瞬時負(fù)脈沖；排液閥閥芯對限位裝置撞擊劇烈，而吸液閥閥芯主要對閥座沖擊嚴(yán)重；此外，排液閥開啟至最大高度過程中，產(chǎn)生了幅值約為0.4mm的瞬時“振顫”現(xiàn)象。 此外，論文針對配流閥滯后響應(yīng)的影響因素進(jìn)行了綜合分析，討論了不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)及工作參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：吸液閥關(guān)閉滯后和排液閥的開啟滯后隨曲軸半徑、連桿長度、柱塞直徑及吸液閥閥芯質(zhì)量的增加而增大，隨吸液閥彈簧剛度及預(yù)壓力的增加而減��；而吸液閥的開啟滯后和排液閥的關(guān)閉滯后隨排液閥閥芯質(zhì)量的增加而增大，隨排液閥彈簧剛度的增加而減小。此外，隨著閥芯半錐角的增加，工作壓力的提高，配流閥的滯后現(xiàn)象均隨之減弱；余隙容積對開啟滯后時間影響顯著，而對關(guān)閉滯后影響不大。 最后，論文以低能耗、低噪聲為目標(biāo)，利用Fluent對配流閥流場進(jìn)行了可視化分析。結(jié)果顯示：節(jié)流口處出現(xiàn)了高達(dá)16.7m/s的高速射流，并在閥芯彎角處產(chǎn)生高達(dá)-0.123MPa的局部負(fù)壓。針對壓力場、速度場及湍流動能圖等仿真結(jié)果改進(jìn)了流道型式，將閥芯錐面與柱面線性相接改為圓弧過渡，當(dāng)過渡半徑為1.5mm時，最大流速可降至15m/s，且局部負(fù)壓值降至-0.05MPa，實現(xiàn)了配流系統(tǒng)的減振降噪及能量利用率的提高。
[Abstract]:Emulsion pump is a very important power source in fully mechanized coal mining equipment. The stability, continuity and efficiency of its work are the fundamental factors to improve coal production, ensure safe production and improve income structure. The performance of emulsion pump distribution system directly determines the working efficiency of the whole emulsion pump station. Therefore, in order to improve the comprehensive performance of the emulsion pump, the flow distribution system of the emulsion pump is studied comprehensively by using the virtual prototyping technology in this paper, which provides the guiding direction and the improvement method for the structure design and characteristic optimization of the distribution valve. On the basis of considering the hysteresis of flow distribution valve and cavitation phenomenon, the kinematics mathematical model of emulsion pump mechanism is expounded, and the ideal and actual flow model and pressure model of single plunger cavity are established. Then, the motion characteristics of the flow distribution system are obtained by AMESim simulation, and the flow fluctuation and pressure impact of the emulsion pump are analyzed. The analysis shows that during the initial stage of suction and the end of liquid discharge of the emulsion pump, the instantaneous negative pulse of about-0.2MPa appears in the plunger cavity; the valve core of the drain valve impinges violently on the limiting device, while the valve core of the suction valve mainly impacts the valve seat seriously; in addition, the valve core of the drain valve has a severe impact on the valve seat. In the process of opening the valve to the maximum height, the transient "vibration" phenomenon with amplitude of about 0.4mm is produced. In addition, the influence factors of the hysteresis response of the distribution valve are comprehensively analyzed, and the influence laws of different structure parameters and working parameters are discussed. The results show that the closing lag of the suction valve and the opening lag of the drain valve increase with the increase of the radius of the crankshaft, the length of the connecting rod, the diameter of the plunger and the mass of the valve core, but decrease with the increase of the spring stiffness and the pre-pressure of the suction valve. However, the opening lag of the suction valve and the closing lag of the drain valve increase with the increase of the valve core mass, and decrease with the increase of the spring stiffness of the drain valve. In addition, with the increase of the half cone angle of valve core and the increase of working pressure, the hysteresis of flow distribution valve is weakened, and the clearance volume has a significant effect on the opening lag time, but has little effect on the closing lag time. Finally, the flow field of flow distribution valve is analyzed visually by Fluent, aiming at low energy consumption and low noise. The results show that there is a high speed jet up to 16.7m/s at the throttle and a local negative pressure of up to-0.123MPa at the corner of the valve core. For the simulation results of pressure field, velocity field and turbulent kinetic energy diagram, the flow channel type is improved. The linear connection between the cone and cylinder of the valve core is changed to arc transition. When the transition radius is 1.5mm, The maximum velocity of flow can be reduced to 15 m / s, and the local negative pressure to -0.05 MPA, which can reduce vibration and noise and improve the energy efficiency of the distribution system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD421.8

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本文編號：2274646