【摘要】：淺孔落礦爆破損傷直接影響到回采的損失貧化率和采場安全。采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA三維非線性動力有限元軟件,研究礦山回采淺孔爆破落礦時炮眼沿礦體走向和垂直礦體走向布置的2種爆破方案。模擬研究淺孔落礦不同時刻圍巖的有效應(yīng)力云圖和礦柱、頂板不同位置監(jiān)測點(diǎn)的有效應(yīng)力時程曲線,并引入爆破荷載下巖石Von Mises屈服準(zhǔn)則,分析了頂板、礦柱的損傷范圍和破壞范圍。研究結(jié)果表明:在控制裝藥量和炮孔數(shù)量一定的情況下,當(dāng)炮孔沿礦體走向方向布置時,爆炸動荷載對礦柱的損傷范圍在距離礦房側(cè)幫5 m,爆炸動荷載對礦柱的破壞范圍在距離礦房側(cè)幫2~3 m。當(dāng)炮孔垂直礦體走向方向布置時,爆炸動荷載對礦柱的損傷范圍在距離礦房側(cè)幫4~5 m,爆炸動荷載不會對礦柱產(chǎn)生破壞作用;兩種爆破方式對頂板的損傷范圍在1~1.5 m,對頂板不會產(chǎn)生破壞作用。爆破數(shù)值模擬能在時間和空間上反映爆炸應(yīng)力特征,為尋求最優(yōu)的爆破施工方案提供了可靠的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The damage of shallow hole blasting directly affects the loss and dilution rate of mining and stope safety. In this paper, using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, two blasting schemes are studied, in which the blasting holes are arranged along the strike of the orebody and the strike of the vertical orebody. The effective stress cloud diagram and pillar of surrounding rock at different time of shallow hole sinking and the effective stress time history curve of monitoring points at different position of roof are simulated and studied. The Von Mises yield criterion of rock under blasting load is introduced to analyze the roof. Damage range and damage range of pillar. The results show that under the condition of controlling the charge and the number of holes, when the holes are arranged along the direction of the orebody, The damage range of blast dynamic load to pillar is 5 m from the side of mine house, and the damage range of explosion dynamic load to pillar is 2 ~ 3 m from the side of mine house. When the hole is arranged perpendicular to the direction of the orebody, the damage range of the blasting dynamic load to the pillar is 4m from the side of the mine house, and the blasting dynamic load will not destroy the pillar. The damage range of the two blasting methods to the roof is 1 ~ 1. 5 m, and it will not damage the roof. Numerical simulation of blasting can reflect the characteristics of explosion stress in time and space, which provides a reliable basis for seeking the best blasting construction scheme.
【作者單位】： 武漢科技大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：湖北省科技支撐計劃(2014BCB033)
【分類號】：TD235.32

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