【摘要】：研究區(qū)地處貴州省西南部,多為山地地形,喀斯特地貌發(fā)育。區(qū)內(nèi)部分地方,地形起伏大,植被茂盛,交通不便,這些因素給1:5萬區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作造成了一定的困難。本文在分析國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用遙感技術(shù),利用遙感軟件,對(duì)原始遙感數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行各種預(yù)處理與增強(qiáng)處理,結(jié)合已有1:20萬地質(zhì)資料和野外實(shí)地踏勘,初步建立了遙感地質(zhì)解譯標(biāo)志,解譯出豐富的地質(zhì)信息,為1:5萬區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作提供可靠的資料,為野外合理部署工作量和工作重點(diǎn)提供依據(jù),繼而減少野外工作量,縮短工作時(shí)間,降低填圖費(fèi)用,提高填圖精度和質(zhì)量。隨著衛(wèi)星傳感器技術(shù)不斷進(jìn)步,遙感影像分辨率不斷提高,遙感技術(shù)的應(yīng)用范圍也不斷變大,其在1:5萬區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作中的應(yīng)用尤為重要。本文在遙感地質(zhì)解譯過程中,以SPOT6數(shù)據(jù)作為原始遙感數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)其進(jìn)行正射校正、融合、裁剪等一系列預(yù)處理后,以真彩色顯示,進(jìn)行目視解譯,獲取地層和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造信息。同時(shí),用ETM+數(shù)據(jù)輔助地質(zhì)構(gòu)造解譯,對(duì)ETM+數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理后,采用線性對(duì)比度拉伸、主成分變換等一系列遙感圖像增強(qiáng)方法,提高遙感圖像的解譯和分析能力。這些工作方法為相似地區(qū)1:5萬區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作中遙感信息的提取提供了借鑒作用。在野外實(shí)地填圖過程中,進(jìn)一步完善遙感地質(zhì)解譯標(biāo)志,并對(duì)解譯草圖進(jìn)行修改和補(bǔ)充,編制了最終的遙感地質(zhì)解譯圖。解譯結(jié)果和精度符合1:5萬地質(zhì)填圖工作的要求。同時(shí),采用“掩膜+主成分分析+密度分割”的方法,以ASTER數(shù)據(jù)作為數(shù)據(jù)源,提取了研究區(qū)的鐵染和羥基蝕變信息,并與已有礦產(chǎn)資料進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證,有一處礦點(diǎn)與蝕變帶重合,證明該蝕變提取結(jié)果的有效性,為下一步找礦工作指明方向。
[Abstract]:The study area is located in the southwest of Guizhou Province, mostly mountainous terrain, karst geomorphology development. In some parts of the region, the topography is large, the vegetation is lush, and the transportation is inconvenient. These factors have caused some difficulties to the regional geological survey work of 1: 50 000. Based on the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, this paper makes use of remote sensing technology and remote sensing software to preprocess and enhance the original remote sensing data, combining with the existing 1: 200 000 geological data and field exploration. The remote sensing geological interpretation marks have been preliminarily established to interpret rich geological information, to provide reliable data for the regional geological survey of 1: 50, 000, and to provide the basis for the rational deployment of the workload and the work focus in the field, and then to reduce the field workload. Shorten the working time, reduce the cost of mapping, improve the accuracy and quality of mapping. With the development of satellite sensor technology, the resolution of remote sensing image has been improved, and the application of remote sensing technology has become wider and wider. The application of remote sensing technology in regional geological survey of 1: 50 000 is particularly important. In the process of remote sensing geological interpretation, the SPOT6 data is used as the original remote sensing data. After a series of preprocessing, such as forward correction, fusion, tailoring and so on, the data are displayed in true color, and the information of stratum and geological structure is obtained by visual interpretation. At the same time, a series of remote sensing image enhancement methods, such as linear contrast stretching, principal component transform and so on, are used to improve the interpretation and analysis ability of remote sensing images by using ETM data to aid the interpretation of geological structures. After preprocessing of ETM data, a series of remote sensing image enhancement methods such as linear contrast stretching and principal component transformation are adopted. These methods provide reference for the extraction of remote sensing information in the regional geological survey of 10: 50 000 in similar areas. In the field mapping process, the remote sensing geological interpretation marks are further improved, the sketches are modified and supplemented, and the final remote sensing geological interpretation map is compiled. The interpretation results and accuracy accord with the requirements of 10: 50 000 geological mapping work. At the same time, the method of "mask principal component analysis density segmentation" and ASTER data are used as the data source to extract the information of iron stain and hydroxyl group alteration in the study area, and the results are compared with the existing mineral data. One ore spot coincides with the alteration zone, which proves the effectiveness of the alteration extraction result and points out the direction for the next prospecting work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P627

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本文編號(hào)：2270444