【摘要】：云南省易門銅廠礦床是易門銅礦帶重要的礦床之一,位于揚(yáng)子板塊西南緣,昆陽裂谷武定一元江裂陷槽中部,中元古代易門斷陷盆地西緣。易門銅礦經(jīng)過多年的開采,面臨著資源緊缺的危機(jī)。因此,開展易門礦區(qū)的深部及外圍找礦,對(duì)完善和實(shí)踐該區(qū)的找礦理論及礦山可持續(xù)發(fā)展,具有一定的理論和實(shí)際意義。本文在整理分析前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合實(shí)際的生產(chǎn)要求,通過野外地質(zhì)調(diào)研,以及對(duì)區(qū)域成礦地質(zhì)背景的深入研究,系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了區(qū)內(nèi)地層層序、構(gòu)造等地質(zhì)特征。同時(shí),根據(jù)銅礦的富集與分布特征,以銅廠礦區(qū)不同礦段為研究主體,分析總結(jié)其礦體地質(zhì)特征。利用穩(wěn)定同位素與礦區(qū)控礦因素的分析研究,總結(jié)區(qū)內(nèi)礦化富集規(guī)律。在系統(tǒng)研究區(qū)內(nèi)的見礦分布、控礦因素等基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用地質(zhì)與物化探相結(jié)合的方法,明確研究區(qū)的找礦標(biāo)志,優(yōu)選找礦靶區(qū)。通過對(duì)研究區(qū)域成礦地質(zhì)背景、礦區(qū)地質(zhì)特征等內(nèi)容的深入研究,全面系統(tǒng)地論述了銅廠礦區(qū)銅礦床礦體地質(zhì)特征,認(rèn)為可將研究區(qū)的礦床(點(diǎn))分為沉積成巖型(銅廠式)礦床和熱液脈狀型(大尖山式)礦床兩種類型,前者明顯受層位及巖性控制,主要呈層狀、似層狀產(chǎn)于落雪組二段灰白色硅質(zhì)白云巖中,后者受斷裂等構(gòu)造的控制,在落雪組和鵝頭廠組地層中均有出現(xiàn)。兩種類型的礦體在礦化特征、礦物組成以及礦物組構(gòu)特征等方面均有顯著不同。穩(wěn)定同位素研究表明,沉積成巖型礦體C、O同位素與圍巖一致,其成礦物質(zhì)主要來源于地層,硫同位素分析說明硫的主要來源為海水硫酸鹽細(xì)菌還原硫；熱液脈狀礦的成礦物質(zhì)則呈現(xiàn)出典型的深源特征。通過對(duì)硫化物組合及與實(shí)際地質(zhì)情況的對(duì)比研究,得出礦化在垂向上的分帶特性,同時(shí),硫化物的結(jié)晶順序,說明是在多期且不同的成礦作用下生成的。在此基礎(chǔ)上,闡明了礦區(qū)內(nèi)存在的疊加成礦作用,并根據(jù)礦化組合的不同,劃分礦化類型區(qū),總結(jié)其在空間上的分布規(guī)律。綜合上述研究,結(jié)合前人對(duì)礦區(qū)地球物理、地球化學(xué)異常特征的分析,建立找礦標(biāo)志,圈定三個(gè)找礦靶區(qū),分別為20線以北大尖山式礦床找礦靶區(qū)、15—20線西北側(cè)銅廠式礦床找礦靶區(qū)以及小馬山找礦靶區(qū)。
[Abstract]:The Yimen copper deposit in Yunnan Province is one of the important deposits in the Yimen copper belt, located in the southwest margin of the Yangtze plate, in the central part of the Wuding-Yuanjiang rift trough in the Kunyang rift valley, and in the western margin of the middle Proterozoic Yimen fault depression basin. After many years of mining, Yimen Copper Mine is facing the crisis of resource shortage. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to carry out deep and peripheral prospecting in Yimen mining area to perfect and practice the prospecting theory and the sustainable development of mines in this area. In this paper, based on the analysis of previous studies, combined with the actual production requirements, through field geological investigation and in-depth study of the regional metallogenic geological background, the geological characteristics of the stratigraphic sequence and structure in the area are systematically summarized. At the same time, according to the enrichment and distribution characteristics of copper deposit, the geological characteristics of orebody are analyzed and summarized with different ore sections in Tongchang mine area as the main body. Based on the analysis of stable isotopes and ore-controlling factors in the mining area, the regularity of mineralization enrichment in the area is summarized. On the basis of ore-forming distribution and ore-controlling factors in the study area, using the method of combination of geology and geophysical and geochemical exploration, the prospecting criteria of the study area and the target area for optimal dressing and prospecting are determined. Based on the in-depth study of the regional metallogenic geological background and the geological characteristics of the mining area, the geological characteristics of the orebody of the copper deposit in Tongchang mining area are discussed comprehensively and systematically. It is considered that the deposits (points) in the study area can be divided into sedimentary diagenetic type (Tongchang type) deposit and hydrothermal vein type (Dajian mountain type) deposit. The former is obviously controlled by strata and lithology and is mainly layered. The stratiform appears in the grayish-white siliceous dolomite of the second member of the Luoxue formation, which is controlled by faults and other structures, and appears in both the Luoxue formation and the Yetouchang formation. There are significant differences between the two types of orebodies in mineralization characteristics, mineral composition and mineral fabric characteristics. The study of stable isotopes shows that the C _ (O) isotopes of sedimentary diagenetic orebodies are consistent with the surrounding rocks, and the ore-forming materials are mainly derived from the strata. The sulfur isotopic analysis shows that the main source of sulfur is the sulfate bacteria reducing sulfur in seawater. The ore-forming materials of hydrothermal vein ore show typical deep-source characteristics. Based on the comparison of sulphide assemblage and actual geological conditions, the zonation characteristics of mineralization in vertical direction are obtained. At the same time, the crystallization order of sulphide shows that it was formed under multi-period and different mineralization. On this basis, the superposition mineralization in the mining area is clarified, and according to the different mineralization assemblage, the mineralization type area is divided, and its distribution law in space is summarized. Based on the above research, combined with the analysis of geophysical and geochemical anomaly characteristics of ore area by predecessors, the prospecting criteria were established and three prospecting targets were delineated. They are the prospecting target area of Dajianshan type deposit in the north of line 20 and the prospecting target area of Tongchang type deposit on the west and north side of line 15-20 and the prospecting target area of Xiaomashan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.41

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本文編號(hào)：2236054